PMID- 34588956
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20211001
IS  - 1662-5102 (Print)
IS  - 1662-5102 (Electronic)
IS  - 1662-5102 (Linking)
VI  - 15
DP  - 2021
TI  - EAAT2 Expression in the Hippocampus, Subiculum, Entorhinal Cortex and Superior 
      Temporal Gyrus in Alzheimer's Disease.
PG  - 702824
LID - 10.3389/fncel.2021.702824 [doi]
LID - 702824
AB  - Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neuropathological disorder characterized by the 
      presence and accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. 
      Glutamate dysregulation and the concept of glutamatergic excitotoxicity have been 
      frequently described in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurodegenerative 
      disorders and are postulated to play a major role in the progression of AD. In 
      particular, alterations in homeostatic mechanisms, such as glutamate uptake, have 
      been implicated in AD. An association with excitatory amino acid transporter 2 
      (EAAT2), the main glutamate uptake transporter, dysfunction has also been 
      described. Several animal and few human studies examined EAAT2 expression in 
      multiple brain regions in AD but studies of the hippocampus, the most severely 
      affected brain region, are scarce. Therefore, this study aims to assess 
      alterations in the expression of EAAT2 qualitatively and quantitatively through 
      DAB immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence within the hippocampus, 
      subiculum, entorhinal cortex, and superior temporal gyrus (STG) regions, between 
      human AD and control cases. Although no significant EAAT2 density changes were 
      observed between control and AD cases, there appeared to be increased transporter 
      expression most likely localized to fine astrocytic branches in the neuropil as 
      seen on both DAB IHC and immunofluorescence. Therefore, individual astrocytes are 
      not outlined by EAAT2 staining and are not easily recognizable in the CA1-3 and 
      dentate gyrus regions of AD cases, but the altered expression patterns observed 
      between AD and control hippocampal cases could indicate alterations in glutamate 
      recycling and potentially disturbed glutamatergic homeostasis. In conclusion, no 
      significant EAAT2 density changes were found between control and AD cases, but 
      the observed spatial differences in transporter expression and their functional 
      significance will have to be further explored.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Yeung, Palpagama, Wood, Turner, Waldvogel, Faull and Kwakowsky.
FAU - Yeung, Jason H Y
AU  - Yeung JHY
AD  - Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of 
      Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Palpagama, Thulani H
AU  - Palpagama TH
AD  - Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of 
      Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Wood, Oliver W G
AU  - Wood OWG
AD  - Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of 
      Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Turner, Clinton
AU  - Turner C
AD  - Department of Anatomical Pathology, LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, 
      New Zealand.
FAU - Waldvogel, Henry J
AU  - Waldvogel HJ
AD  - Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of 
      Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Faull, Richard L M
AU  - Faull RLM
AD  - Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of 
      Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Kwakowsky, Andrea
AU  - Kwakowsky A
AD  - Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of 
      Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210913
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Cell Neurosci
JT  - Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
JID - 101477935
PMC - PMC8475191
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alzheimer's disease
OT  - EAAT2
OT  - entorhinal cortex
OT  - glutamate transporter
OT  - hippocampus
OT  - subiculum
OT  - superior temporal gyrus
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/10/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/01 06:01
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2021/09/30 07:10
PHST- 2021/04/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/08/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/30 07:10 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/10/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/01 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fncel.2021.702824 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Cell Neurosci. 2021 Sep 13;15:702824. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.702824. 
      eCollection 2021.