PMID- 34597757
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220324
LR  - 20220324
IS  - 1873-6823 (Electronic)
IS  - 0741-8329 (Linking)
VI  - 97
DP  - 2021 Dec
TI  - Gender and regional pattern of alcohol use and projection of problematic drinking 
      in India, 1998-2016.
PG  - 23-30
LID - S0741-8329(21)00097-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.09.005 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Alcohol use is the third leading risk factor for premature 
      mortality. India is one of the largest markets for alcoholic beverages. Existing 
      research in India is localized to specific settings lacking national 
      generalizability. The present study aims to estimate the trends in alcohol use in 
      India by gender and regions and to estimate the current projected number of the 
      population involved in problematic drinking. METHODS: The National Family Health 
      Survey (NFHS) is used to estimate the age-standardized alcohol prevalence by 
      gender and region. World Bank, 2019 population estimates are used to estimate the 
      total population currently involved in problematic drinking, using the recent 
      alcohol prevalence estimates. FINDINGS: Nationally, the age-standardized 
      prevalence of alcohol use increased between 1998-1999 and 2005-2006 and declined 
      thereafter, being higher among men than women. Exceptions to the declines after 
      2005 are seen in some regions where alcohol use still increased. A 43.6% increase 
      and 8.5% decrease in the age-standardized prevalence of problematic drinking is 
      observed among men and women, respectively, between 2005-2006 and 2015-2016. 
      However, problematic drinking increased in some regions for both men and women. 
      103.62 million men and 3.34 million women in India were involved in problematic 
      drinking during 2019, with the highest incidences being among men aged 40-44 
      years and among women aged 45-49 years. CONCLUSION: Despite the overall progress 
      India has made in reducing its alcohol prevalence, lowering it further remains a 
      public health priority. There was a substantial rise in the prevalence of 
      problematic drinking among the population, which warrants immediate action. 
      Spreading knowledge and awareness about the negative health effects of 
      problematic drinking among the adult population seems necessary. Strict 
      implementation of policies would therefore not only aid in reducing the 
      prevalence of alcohol use and problematic drinking, but, in turn, would also help 
      to reduce the burden of alcohol-related morbidity and associated mortality in 
      India.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Shaikh, Rufi
AU  - Shaikh R
AD  - International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 
      India. Electronic address: rufi.shaikh95@yahoo.com.
FAU - Khan, Junaid
AU  - Khan J
AD  - International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 
      India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210929
PL  - United States
TA  - Alcohol
JT  - Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)
JID - 8502311
RN  - 3K9958V90M (Ethanol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology
MH  - *Ethanol
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - India/epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prevalence
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adult population
OT  - Alcohol
OT  - Problematic drinking
OT  - Projection
OT  - World Bank
EDAT- 2021/10/02 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/25 06:00
CRDT- 2021/10/01 20:16
PHST- 2021/02/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/09/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/10/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/10/01 20:16 [entrez]
AID - S0741-8329(21)00097-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.09.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Alcohol. 2021 Dec;97:23-30. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.09.005. Epub 2021 Sep 29.