PMID- 34627504 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211012 LR - 20211012 IS - 1873-4324 (Electronic) IS - 0003-2670 (Linking) VI - 1183 DP - 2021 Oct 23 TI - Fabrication of an SPME fiber based on ZnO@GA nanorods coated onto fused silica as a highly efficient absorbent for the analysis of cancer VOCs in water and urine. PG - 338983 LID - S0003-2670(21)00809-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338983 [doi] AB - Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) secreted in urine, blood, breath, etc. is a new method for monitoring the metabolism and biochemistry of the human body. However, due to the complexity of samples, a pre-concentration step is necessary before the final analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Therefore, miniaturized extraction methods such as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) can be a promising and simple pre-concentration technique. Different strategies have been adopted for the fabrication or modification of SPME fibers. This study presents the preparation and characterization of glass optical fibers coated with ZnO nanorods functionalized with gallic acid (ZnO@GA nanorod) as SPME adsorbent in GC-MS. ZnO@GA nanorods were synthesized separately and then coated onto the fibers. The coated fibers were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (FESEM/EDAX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Possessing a high surface to volume ratio of ZnO nanorods and functional groups of GA, the ZnO@GA nanorod-based SPME fibers exhibited good extraction performance for VOCs comparing with the commercial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coated fibers. Under optimal conditions (NaCl concentration, 30% w/v; extraction time of 25 min; pH, 5-7 and stirring rate of 400 rpm) ZnO@GA nanorods coated fibers achieved low detection limits (0.32-4.8 mug/L), low quantification limits (1.8-16.3 mug/L) and good linearity (5-1000 mug/L) for selected VOCs. The repeatability (n = 3) for a single fiber was within the range of 4.1-7.9% (intra-day) and 5.7-9.6% (inter-day) while the reproducibility (n = 3) of fiber-to-fiber were in the range of 4.7% and 9.9%. This method was successfully used for the determination of six VOCs in water and urine with satisfactory recoveries of 90-112%. ZnO@GA nanorod coated fibers, despite possessing a much thinner coating compared to the commercial fibers, revealed a better overall extraction efficiency towards VOCs. These results indicated that the ZnO@GA provided a promising alternative in sample pretreatment and analysis in GC-MS. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Naseri, Neda AU - Naseri N AD - Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. FAU - Kharrazi, Sharmin AU - Kharrazi S AD - Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: sh-kharrazi@tums.ac.ir. FAU - Abdi, Khosrou AU - Abdi K AD - Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: khmabdi@tums.ac.ir. FAU - Alizadeh, Reza AU - Alizadeh R AD - Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Qom University, Qom, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210827 PL - Netherlands TA - Anal Chim Acta JT - Analytica chimica acta JID - 0370534 RN - 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds) RN - 059QF0KO0R (Water) RN - 7631-86-9 (Silicon Dioxide) RN - SOI2LOH54Z (Zinc Oxide) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Nanotubes MH - *Neoplasms MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Silicon Dioxide MH - Solid Phase Microextraction MH - *Volatile Organic Compounds MH - Water MH - *Zinc Oxide OTO - NOTNLM OT - GC-MS OT - SPME OT - Volatile organic compounds OT - ZnO nanorod COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/10/11 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/13 06:00 CRDT- 2021/10/10 20:38 PHST- 2021/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/10 20:38 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/13 06:00 [medline] AID - S0003-2670(21)00809-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338983 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Anal Chim Acta. 2021 Oct 23;1183:338983. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338983. Epub 2021 Aug 27.