PMID- 34627692
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220215
LR  - 20220215
IS  - 1590-3729 (Electronic)
IS  - 0939-4753 (Linking)
VI  - 31
IP  - 12
DP  - 2021 Nov 29
TI  - Beneficial effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on glucose 
      control, cardiovascular risk profile, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. An 
      expert opinion of the Italian diabetes society.
PG  - 3257-3270
LID - S0939-4753(21)00410-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.08.039 [doi]
AB  - Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) show an increased risk of 
      cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality. Many factors are implicated in the 
      pathogenesis of CVD in patients with T2DM. Among the factors involved, chronic 
      hyperglycemia and the cluster of CVD risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, 
      hypertension, and obesity, play a major role. For many years, the control of 
      hyperglycemia has been complicated by the fact that the use of many available 
      drugs was associated with an increased risk of hypoglycemia. Paradoxically, 
      hypoglycemia per se represents a risk factor for CVD. Recently, new drugs for the 
      control of hyperglycemia have become available: many of them can determine a good 
      control of hyperglycemia with minor risks of hypoglycemia. Among these new 
      classes of drugs, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) offer many 
      advantages. In addition to a strong anti-hyperglycemic action, they possess the 
      ability to act on body weight and other relevant risk factors for CVD. 
      Consistently, some of the GLP-1RAs have demonstrated, in RCT designed to assess 
      their safety, to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. 
      Furthermore, GLP-1RAs possess properties useful to treat additional conditions, 
      as the capability of improving liver damage in patients with NAFLD or NASH, 
      highly prevalent conditions in people with T2DM. In this document, written by 
      experts of the Italian diabetes society (SID), we will focus our attention on the 
      therapy with GLP-1RAs in patients with T2DM, particularly on the effects on 
      hyperglycemia, cardiovascular disease risk factors, NAFLD/NASH and CVD 
      prevention.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study 
      of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of 
      Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. 
      All rights reserved.
FAU - Napoli, Raffaele
AU  - Napoli R
AD  - Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Unit of Internal Medicine and 
      Diabetes, Federico II University School of Medicine, Napoli, Italy. Electronic 
      address: raffaele.napoli@unina.it.
FAU - Avogaro, Angelo
AU  - Avogaro A
AD  - Department of Medicine (DIMED), Chair of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, 
      University of Padua, Italy.
FAU - Formoso, Gloria
AU  - Formoso G
AD  - Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and 
      Technology (CAST, Ex CeSI-Met), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
FAU - Piro, Salvatore
AU  - Piro S
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, 
      Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
FAU - Purrello, Francesco
AU  - Purrello F
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, 
      Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
FAU - Targher, Giovanni
AU  - Targher G
AD  - Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, 
      University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, 
      Italy.
FAU - Consoli, Agostino
AU  - Consoli A
AD  - Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and 
      Technology (CAST, Ex CeSI-Met), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210821
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
JT  - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
JID - 9111474
RN  - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
MH  - Expert Testimony
MH  - *Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors/therapeutic use
MH  - Glycemic Control
MH  - Heart Disease Risk Factors
MH  - Humans
MH  - Italy/epidemiology
MH  - Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/epidemiology
MH  - Societies, Medical
MH  - Treatment Outcome
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cardiovascular diseases
OT  - Diabetes mellitus
OT  - GLP-1
OT  - NAFLD
OT  - NASH
OT  - Risk factors
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors have nothing to disclose.
EDAT- 2021/10/11 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/16 06:00
CRDT- 2021/10/10 20:44
PHST- 2021/08/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/08/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/10/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/10/10 20:44 [entrez]
AID - S0939-4753(21)00410-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.08.039 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021 Nov 29;31(12):3257-3270. doi: 
      10.1016/j.numecd.2021.08.039. Epub 2021 Aug 21.