PMID- 34631712
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20211012
IS  - 2296-634X (Print)
IS  - 2296-634X (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-634X (Linking)
VI  - 9
DP  - 2021
TI  - Dermatan-4-O-Sulfotransferase-1 Contributes to the Undifferentiated State of 
      Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells.
PG  - 733964
LID - 10.3389/fcell.2021.733964 [doi]
LID - 733964
AB  - Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) have the properties of self-renewal and 
      pluripotency. Various signals and growth factors maintain their undifferentiated 
      state and also regulate their differentiation. Glycosaminoglycans are present on 
      the cell surface and in the cell matrix as proteoglycans. Previously, we and 
      other groups reported that the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate contributes to 
      both maintenance of undifferentiated state and regulation of mESC 
      differentiation. It has been shown that chondroitin sulfate is needed for 
      pluripotency and differentiation of mESCs, while keratan sulfate is a known 
      marker of human ESCs or induced pluripotent stem cells. We also found that DS 
      promotes neuronal differentiation from mESCs and human neural stem cells; 
      however, the function of DS in the maintenance of mESCs has not yet been 
      revealed. Here, we investigated the role of DS in mESCs by knockdown (KD) or 
      overexpression (O/E) of the dermatan-4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1) gene. We 
      found that the activity of the ESC self-renewal marker alkaline phosphatase was 
      reduced in D4ST1 KD mESCs, but, in contrast, increased in D4ST1 O/E mESCs. D4ST1 
      KD promoted endodermal differentiation, as indicated by an increase in Cdx2 
      expression. Conversely, Cdx2 expression was decreased by D4ST1 O/E. Wnt 
      signaling, which is also involved in endodermal differentiation, was activated by 
      D4ST1 KD and suppressed by D4ST1 O/E. Collectively, these results demonstrate 
      that D4ST1 contributes to the undifferentiated state of mESCs. Our findings 
      provide new insights into the function of DS in mESCs.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Ogura and Nishihara.
FAU - Ogura, Chika
AU  - Ogura C
AD  - Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University, 
      Hachioji, Japan.
FAU - Nishihara, Shoko
AU  - Nishihara S
AD  - Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University, 
      Hachioji, Japan.
AD  - Glycan and Life System Integration Center (GaLSIC), Soka University, Hachioji, 
      Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210923
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Cell Dev Biol
JT  - Frontiers in cell and developmental biology
JID - 101630250
PMC - PMC8495257
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cdx2
OT  - D4ST1
OT  - endodermal differentiation
OT  - mouse embryonic stem cells
OT  - self-renewal
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/10/12 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/12 06:01
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2021/10/11 06:09
PHST- 2021/06/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/10/11 06:09 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/10/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/12 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fcell.2021.733964 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Sep 23;9:733964. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.733964. 
      eCollection 2021.