PMID- 34655576
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211223
LR  - 20211223
IS  - 1090-2430 (Electronic)
IS  - 0014-4886 (Linking)
VI  - 347
DP  - 2022 Jan
TI  - Neurotoxicity of MDMA: Main effects and mechanisms.
PG  - 113894
LID - S0014-4886(21)00302-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113894 [doi]
AB  - Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine 
      (MDMA; 'ecstasy'), in addition to having abuse potential, may elicit acute and 
      persistent abnormalities of varying severity at the central level. Importantly, 
      neurotoxic effects of MDMA have been demonstrated in experimental animals. 
      Accordingly, central toxicity induced by MDMA may pose a serious harm for health, 
      since MDMA is among the substances that are used for recreational purposes by 
      young and adult people. This review provides a concise overview of recent 
      findings from preclinical and clinical studies that evaluated the central effects 
      of MDMA, and the mechanisms involved in the neurotoxicity induced by this 
      amphetamine-related drug.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Costa, Giulia
AU  - Costa G
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, University of 
      Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. Electronic address: gcosta@unica.it.
FAU - Golembiowska, Krystyna
AU  - Golembiowska K
AD  - Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of 
      Pharmacology, 12 Smetna, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20211013
PL  - United States
TA  - Exp Neurol
JT  - Experimental neurology
JID - 0370712
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/*drug effects
MH  - Hallucinogens/*adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*adverse effects
MH  - *Neurotoxicity Syndromes/etiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ecstasy
OT  - Excitotoxicity
OT  - Hyperthermia
OT  - MDMA metabolites
OT  - Mitochondrial dysfunction
OT  - Neuroinflammation
OT  - Neurotoxicity
OT  - Oxidative stress
EDAT- 2021/10/17 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/24 06:00
CRDT- 2021/10/16 20:09
PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/10/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/10/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/10/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/10/16 20:09 [entrez]
AID - S0014-4886(21)00302-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113894 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Neurol. 2022 Jan;347:113894. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113894. Epub 2021 
      Oct 13.