PMID- 34660171
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 2193-567X (Print)
IS  - 2191-4281 (Electronic)
IS  - 2191-4281 (Linking)
VI  - 47
IP  - 6
DP  - 2022
TI  - Removal of Hydroxychloroquine Using Engineered Biochar from Algal Biodiesel 
      Industry Waste: Characterization and Design of Experiment (DoE).
PG  - 7325-7334
LID - 10.1007/s13369-021-06235-w [doi]
AB  - Adsorption of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) onto H(3)PO(4)-activated Cystoseira 
      barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh (derived from algal biodiesel industry waste) 
      biochar was investigated via batch experiments and mathematical models. The 
      activated biochar (BC-H) was produced in a single step by using the microwave 
      irradiation method. Thus, it was obtained with a low cost, energy efficiency and 
      by promoting clean production processes. BC-H exhibited a remarkable adsorption 
      efficiency (98.9%) and large surface area (1088.806 m(2) g(-1)) for removal of 
      HCQ. The Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models were the 
      best fit for the equilibrium adsorption and kinetics experiments, and the maximum 
      monolayer adsorption capacity (qmax) was found to be 353.58 microg g(-1). 
      Additionally, the experiments with real wastewater showed that BC-H's ability to 
      adsorb HCQ was not affected by competitive ions in the water. The Taguchi 
      orthogonal array (L16 OA) experimental design was applied for the effective cost 
      optimization analyses of the adsorption process by considering four levels and 
      four controllable factors (initial pH, HCQ concentration, amount of adsorbent and 
      contact time). Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared 
      spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analyses were used for characterizing the 
      adsorbent. The findings showed that BC-H can be used as an effective and low-cost 
      adsorbent in the removal of HCQ from water. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online 
      version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13369-021-06235-w.
CI  - (c) King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2021.
FAU - Gumus, Dilek
AU  - Gumus D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7665-3057
AD  - Directorate of Construction and Technical Works, Sinop University, 57000 Sinop, 
      Turkey. GRID: grid.449244.b. ISNI: 0000 0004 0408 6032
FAU - Gumus, Fatih
AU  - Gumus F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4660-7591
AD  - Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Sinop University, 57000 
      Sinop, Turkey. GRID: grid.449244.b. ISNI: 0000 0004 0408 6032
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211012
PL  - Germany
TA  - Arab J Sci Eng
JT  - Arabian journal for science and engineering
JID - 101698714
PMC - PMC8505786
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adsorption
OT  - Biochar
OT  - Cystoseira barbata
OT  - Experimental design
OT  - Hydroxychloroquine
OT  - Microwave
COIS- Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2021/10/19 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/19 06:01
PMCR- 2021/10/12
CRDT- 2021/10/18 09:04
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/10/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/10/18 09:04 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 6235 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s13369-021-06235-w [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Arab J Sci Eng. 2022;47(6):7325-7334. doi: 10.1007/s13369-021-06235-w. Epub 2021 
      Oct 12.