PMID- 34668832
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220217
LR  - 20231213
IS  - 1744-764X (Electronic)
IS  - 1474-0338 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 2
DP  - 2022 Feb
TI  - Safety of ramucirumab treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular 
      carcinoma and elevated alpha-fetoprotein.
PG  - 157-166
LID - 10.1080/14740338.2022.1995353 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of 
      cancer-induced deaths worldwide, and limited therapeutic options are available 
      for patients with advanced disease. Ramucirumab, a monoclonal antibody that 
      blocks the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2, is the first 
      biomarker-selected systemic agent with therapeutic efficacy, tolerability, and 
      favorable patient-reported outcomes in patients with advanced HCC and elevated 
      serum alpha-fetoprotein levels >/=400 ng/mL, who are resistant or intolerant to 
      sorafenib therapy. However, treatment-induced adverse events (AEs), such as 
      hypertension, proteinuria, bleeding, thromboembolism, and gastrointestinal 
      perforation remain challenging and potentially fatal concerns. AREAS COVERED: 
      This review discusses the published or ongoing studies and subgroup analyses on 
      ramucirumab therapy in patients with advanced HCC. We present information on the 
      risks of ramucirumab-induced common or rare AEs and their management. EXPERT 
      OPINION: Ramucirumab toxicity secondary to VEGF inhibition is similar to the AEs 
      that are known to be associated with other VEGF-blocking antibodies. Common AEs 
      can be safely treated using conventional measures; however, rare and potentially 
      fatal AEs necessitate close monitoring. With regard to the safety profile, more 
      promising ramucirumab-containing combination therapies are likely to pave the 
      future path for effective HCC treatment.
FAU - Yen, Chih-Chieh
AU  - Yen CC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3109-2783
AD  - Division of Hematology/ Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng 
      Kung University Hospital Douliou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan.
AD  - Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung 
      University, Tainan, Taiwan.
FAU - Yen, Chia-Jui
AU  - Yen CJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8744-6248
AD  - Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of 
      Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20211028
PL  - England
TA  - Expert Opin Drug Saf
JT  - Expert opinion on drug safety
JID - 101163027
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized)
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
RN  - 0 (alpha-Fetoproteins)
RN  - EC 2.7.10.1 (KDR protein, human)
RN  - EC 2.7.10.1 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage/*adverse effects
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Liver Neoplasms/*diet therapy/pathology
MH  - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/antagonists & inhibitors
MH  - alpha-Fetoproteins/metabolism
MH  - Ramucirumab
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Hepatocellular carcinoma
OT  - alpha-fetoprotein
OT  - ramucirumab
OT  - safety
OT  - vascular endothelial growth factor
EDAT- 2021/10/21 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/19 06:00
CRDT- 2021/10/20 12:19
PHST- 2021/10/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/10/20 12:19 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/14740338.2022.1995353 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2022 Feb;21(2):157-166. doi: 10.1080/14740338.2022.1995353. 
      Epub 2021 Oct 28.