PMID- 34677383
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20211026
IS  - 2218-1989 (Print)
IS  - 2218-1989 (Electronic)
IS  - 2218-1989 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 10
DP  - 2021 Sep 29
TI  - Metabolic Tumor Microenvironment Characterization of Contrast Enhancing Brain 
      Tumors Using Physiologic MRI.
LID - 10.3390/metabo11100668 [doi]
LID - 668
AB  - The tumor microenvironment is a critical regulator of cancer development and 
      progression as well as treatment response and resistance in brain neoplasms. The 
      available techniques for investigation, however, are not well suited for 
      noninvasive in vivo characterization in humans. A total of 120 patients (59 
      females; 61 males) with newly diagnosed contrast-enhancing brain tumors (64 
      glioblastoma, 20 brain metastases, 15 primary central nervous system (CNS) 
      lymphomas (PCNSLs), and 21 meningiomas) were examined with a previously 
      established physiological MRI protocol including quantitative 
      blood-oxygen-level-dependent imaging and vascular architecture mapping. Six MRI 
      biomarker maps for oxygen metabolism and neovascularization were fused for 
      classification of five different tumor microenvironments: glycolysis, oxidative 
      phosphorylation (OxPhos), hypoxia with/without neovascularization, and necrosis. 
      Glioblastoma showed the highest metabolic heterogeneity followed by brain 
      metastasis with a glycolysis-to-OxPhos ratio of approximately 2:1 in both tumor 
      entities. In addition, glioblastoma revealed a significant higher percentage of 
      hypoxia (24%) compared to all three other brain tumor entities: brain metastasis 
      (7%; p < 0.001), PCNSL (8%; p = 0.001), and meningioma (8%; p = 0.003). A more 
      aggressive biological brain tumor behavior was associated with a higher 
      percentage of hypoxia and necrosis and a lower percentage of remaining vital 
      tumor tissue and aerobic glycolysis. The proportion of oxidative phosphorylation, 
      however, was rather similar (17-26%) for all four brain tumor entities. Tumor 
      microenvironment (TME) mapping provides insights into neurobiological differences 
      of contrast-enhancing brain tumors and deserves further clinical cancer research 
      attention. Although there is a long roadmap ahead, TME mapping may become useful 
      in order to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
FAU - Stadlbauer, Andreas
AU  - Stadlbauer A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8348-2620
AD  - Institute of Medical Radiology, University Clinic St. Polten, Karl Landsteiner 
      University of Health Sciences, 3100 St. Polten, Austria.
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 
      91054 Erlangen, Germany.
FAU - Marhold, Franz
AU  - Marhold F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8338-8060
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, University Clinic of St. Polten, Karl Landsteiner 
      University of Health Sciences, 3100 St. Polten, Austria.
FAU - Oberndorfer, Stefan
AU  - Oberndorfer S
AD  - Department of Neurology, University Clinic of St. Polten, Karl Landsteiner 
      University of Health Sciences, 3100 St. Polten, Austria.
FAU - Heinz, Gertraud
AU  - Heinz G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6037-7534
AD  - Institute of Medical Radiology, University Clinic St. Polten, Karl Landsteiner 
      University of Health Sciences, 3100 St. Polten, Austria.
FAU - Zimmermann, Max
AU  - Zimmermann M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9330-9266
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 
      91054 Erlangen, Germany.
AD  - Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University of Tubingen, 
      72076 Tubingen, Germany.
FAU - Buchfelder, Michael
AU  - Buchfelder M
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 
      91054 Erlangen, Germany.
FAU - Heynold, Elisabeth
AU  - Heynold E
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 
      91054 Erlangen, Germany.
FAU - Kinfe, Thomas M
AU  - Kinfe TM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4888-543X
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 
      91054 Erlangen, Germany.
AD  - Division of Functional Neurosurgery and Stereotaxy, Friedrich-Alexander 
      University (FAU) Erlangen-Nurnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210929
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Metabolites
JT  - Metabolites
JID - 101578790
PMC - PMC8537028
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - brain tumors
OT  - energy metabolism
OT  - hypoxia
OT  - metabolic imaging
OT  - neovascularization
OT  - physiological MRI
OT  - tumor microenvironment
COIS- The authors declared no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/10/23 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/23 06:01
PMCR- 2021/09/29
CRDT- 2021/10/22 12:18
PHST- 2021/09/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/09/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/10/22 12:18 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/10/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/23 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - metabo11100668 [pii]
AID - metabolites-11-00668 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/metabo11100668 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Metabolites. 2021 Sep 29;11(10):668. doi: 10.3390/metabo11100668.