PMID- 34692563
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211027
LR  - 20211027
IS  - 2235-2988 (Electronic)
IS  - 2235-2988 (Linking)
VI  - 11
DP  - 2021
TI  - Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes 
      Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome.
PG  - 740236
LID - 10.3389/fcimb.2021.740236 [doi]
LID - 740236
AB  - Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) is a Chinese herbal medicine that has been reported 
      to significantly decrease blood glucose levels, which is suggested to be related 
      to interactions with the gut microbiota. However, the protective effect of GQD on 
      intestinal barrier function with regard to its influence on the gut microbiota 
      has not been explored to date. In this study, we investigated the role of the gut 
      microbiota in mediating the hypoglycemic mechanism of GQD in type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM) rats induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 
      streptozotocin after 4 weeks of high-fat diet feeding. The T2DM rats were 
      randomly allocated to receive GQD, metformin (Met), or saline for 12 consecutive 
      weeks, and changes in metabolic parameters, intestinal barrier function, and 
      inflammation were investigated. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene 
      sequencing from fecal samples, and statistical analyses were performed to 
      correlate microbiota composition with phenotypes of the T2DM rats. GQD 
      administration decreased the levels of blood glucose and inflammatory cytokines, 
      and increased the levels of tight junction proteins. Besides, GQD had a 
      protective effect on islet function, restoring intestinal permeability, and 
      inhibiting inflammation, as evidenced by increases in the levels of serum 
      C-peptide, occludin, and claudin-1 in the colon, and also improved the expression 
      of serum inflammatory factors. In addition, GQD regulated the structure of the 
      gut microbiota by increasing the proportions of short-chain fatty acids-producing 
      and anti-inflammatory bacteria, and decreasing the proportions of conditioned 
      pathogenic bacteria associated with the diabetic phenotype. Overall, these 
      findings suggest that GQD could ameliorate hyperglycemia and protect islet 
      function by regulating the structure of the gut microbiota, thereby restoring 
      intestinal permeability and inhibiting inflammation in T2DM rats. Our study thus 
      suggests that the hypoglycemic mechanism of GQD is mediated by its modulation of 
      the gut microbiota.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Tian, Bai, Gao, Yang, Wu, Wang, Wang, Li and Tong.
FAU - Tian, Jiaxing
AU  - Tian J
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese 
      Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Bai, Bingbing
AU  - Bai B
AD  - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of 
      Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
FAU - Gao, Zezheng
AU  - Gao Z
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese 
      Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Yang, Yingying
AU  - Yang Y
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese 
      Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Wu, Haoran
AU  - Wu H
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese 
      Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Wang, Xinmiao
AU  - Wang X
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese 
      Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Wang, Jun
AU  - Wang J
AD  - CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of 
      Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
FAU - Li, Min
AU  - Li M
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese 
      Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Tong, Xiaolin
AU  - Tong X
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese 
      Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20211008
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Cell Infect Microbiol
JT  - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
JID - 101585359
RN  - 0 (Drugs, Chinese Herbal)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S)
RN  - 0 (gegenqinlian)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
MH  - *Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
MH  - *Gastrointestinal Microbiome
MH  - Medicine, Chinese Traditional
MH  - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
MH  - Rats
PMC - PMC8531589
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chinese herbal medicine
OT  - gut microbiota
OT  - inflammation
OT  - intestinal barrier function
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/10/26 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/28 06:00
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2021/10/25 06:38
PHST- 2021/07/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/10/25 06:38 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/10/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fcimb.2021.740236 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Oct 8;11:740236. doi: 
      10.3389/fcimb.2021.740236. eCollection 2021.