PMID- 34712047 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211124 LR - 20220427 IS - 1178-2013 (Electronic) IS - 1176-9114 (Print) IS - 1176-9114 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2021 TI - Robust Immune Response Induced by Schistosoma mansoni TSP-2 Antigen Coupled to Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles. PG - 7153-7168 LID - 10.2147/IJN.S315786 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: The use of adjuvants can significantly strengthen a vaccine's efficacy. We sought to explore the immunization efficacy of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) displaying the Schistosoma mansoni antigen, SmTSP-2, through a biotin-rhizavidin coupling approach. The rationale is to exploit the nanoparticulate structure and the adjuvant properties of OMVs to induce a robust antigen-specific immune response, in light of developing new vaccines against S. mansoni. MATERIALS AND METHODS: OMVs were obtained from Neisseria lactamica and conjugated with biotin. The recombinant SmTSP-2 in fusion with the biotin-binding protein rhizavidin (rRzvSmTSP-2) was produced in E. coli and coupled to biotinylated OMVs to generate an OMV complex displaying SmTSP-2 on the membrane surface (OMV:rSmTSP-2). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering analysis were used to determine particle charge and size. The immunogenicity of the vaccine complex was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS: The rRzvSmTSP-2 protein was successfully coupled to biotinylated OMVs and purified by size-exclusion chromatography. The OMV:rSmTSP-2 nanoparticles showed an average size of 200 nm, with zeta potential around - 28 mV. Mouse Bone Marrow Dendritic Cells were activated by the nanoparticles as determined by increased expression of the co-stimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86, and the proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-12) or IL-10. Splenocytes of mice immunized with OMV:rSmTSP-2 nanoparticles reacted to an in vitro challenge with SmTSP-2 with an increased production of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 and displayed a higher number of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-2, compared to mice immunized with the antigen alone. Immunization of mice with OMV:rSmTSP-2 induced a 100-fold increase in specific anti-SmTSP-2 IgG antibody titers, as compared to the group receiving the recombinant rSmTSP-2 protein alone or even co-administered with unconjugated OMV. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that the SmTSP-2 antigen coupled with OMVs is highly immunogenic in mice, supporting the potential effectiveness of this platform for improved antigen delivery in novel vaccine strategies. CI - (c) 2021 Barbosa et al. FAU - Barbosa, Mayra M F AU - Barbosa MMF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3602-1279 AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - Programa de Pos-Graduacao Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Kanno, Alex I AU - Kanno AI AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Barazzone, Giovana C AU - Barazzone GC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8601-8452 AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Rodriguez, Dunia AU - Rodriguez D AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Pancakova, Violeta AU - Pancakova V AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. AD - Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), Villeurbanne, 69100, France. FAU - Trentini, Monalisa AU - Trentini M AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Faquim-Mauro, Eliana L AU - Faquim-Mauro EL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8083-4272 AD - Laboratorio de Imunopatologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Freitas, Amanda P AU - Freitas AP AD - Laboratorio de Imunopatologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Khouri, Mariana I AU - Khouri MI AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4371-4241 AD - Laboratorio de Biomarcadores e Inflamacao, Instituto Goncalo Moniz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil. FAU - Lobo-Silva, Jessica AU - Lobo-Silva J AD - Laboratorio de Biomarcadores e Inflamacao, Instituto Goncalo Moniz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil. FAU - Goncalves, Viviane M AU - Goncalves VM AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Schenkman, Rocilda P F AU - Schenkman RPF AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Tanizaki, Martha M AU - Tanizaki MM AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Boraschi, Diana AU - Boraschi D AD - Istituto di Biochimica e Biologia Cellulare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy. AD - Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy. AD - Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technologies (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Malley, Richard AU - Malley R AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Farias, Leonardo P AU - Farias LP AD - Laboratorio de Biomarcadores e Inflamacao, Instituto Goncalo Moniz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil. FAU - Leite, Luciana C C AU - Leite LCC AD - Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211022 PL - New Zealand TA - Int J Nanomedicine JT - International journal of nanomedicine JID - 101263847 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Bacterial Outer Membrane MH - *Escherichia coli MH - Immunity MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - *Schistosoma mansoni PMC - PMC8548026 OTO - NOTNLM OT - OMV OT - Schistosoma mansoni OT - TSP-2 antigen OT - biotin-avidin coupling OT - nanoparticle OT - outer membrane vesicles OT - vaccine COIS- The authors MMFB, GB and LCCL have a patent application involving the OMV-Antigen complex. The author RM has several patent applications involving the MAPS technology and is a scientific founder, consultant and board member of Affinivax, a biotechnology company that is developing vaccines using the MAPS technology. Ms Violeta Pancakova report grants from EACEA (Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency) during the conduct of the study; Dr Richard Malley reports personal fees from Merck Vaccines, grants from Pfizer, grants from Astellas, outside the submitted work; Dr Luciana C C Leite reports grants from FAPESP, non-financial support from Fundacao Butantan, a Fellowship from CNPq, during the conduct of the study. The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work. EDAT- 2021/10/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/25 06:00 PMCR- 2021/10/22 CRDT- 2021/10/29 06:23 PHST- 2021/04/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/10/29 06:23 [entrez] PHST- 2021/10/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/10/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 315786 [pii] AID - 10.2147/IJN.S315786 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Nanomedicine. 2021 Oct 22;16:7153-7168. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S315786. eCollection 2021.