PMID- 34726354
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220314
LR  - 20240405
IS  - 2398-9238 (Electronic)
IS  - 2398-9238 (Linking)
VI  - 5
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Jan
TI  - Food insecurity, type 2 diabetes, and hyperglycaemia: A systematic review and 
      meta-analysis.
PG  - e00315
LID - 10.1002/edm2.315 [doi]
LID - e00315
AB  - AIMS: Food insecurity (FIS) is a major public health issue with possible 
      implications for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. We conducted a systematic 
      review and meta-analysis to explore the association between FIS and T2DM. 
      METHODS: We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of 
      Science. All cross-sectional, peer-reviewed studies investigating the link 
      between FIS and T2DM were included. Population characteristics, study sizes, 
      covariates, T2DM diagnoses, and diabetes-related clinical measures such as 
      fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c were extracted from each study. Outcomes 
      were compared between food insecure and food secure individuals. Effect sizes 
      were combined across studies using the random effect model. RESULTS: Forty-nine 
      peer-reviewed studies investigating the link between FIS and T2DM were identified 
      (n = 258,250). Results of meta-analyses showed no association between FIS and 
      clinically determined T2DM either through FBG or HbA1c: OR = 1.22 [95%CI: 0.96, 
      1.55], Q(df = 5) = 12.5, I(2)  = 60% and OR = 1.21 [95%CI: 0.95, 1.54], 
      Q(df = 5) = 14; I(2)  = 71% respectively. Standardized mean difference (SMD) 
      meta-analyses yielded no association between FIS and FBG or HbA1c: g = 0.06 
      [95%CI: -0.06, 0.17], Q(df = 5) = 15.8, I(2)  = 68%; g = 0.11 [95% CI: -0.02, 
      0.25], Q(df = 7) = 26.8, I(2)  = 74% respectively. For children, no association 
      was found between FIS and HbA1c: g = 0.06 [95%CI: 0.00, 0.17], Q(df = 2) = 5.7, 
      I(2)  = 65%. CONCLUSIONS: Despite multiple proposed mechanisms linking FIS to 
      T2DM, integration of the available literature suggests FIS is not associated with 
      clinically determined T2DM or increases in FBG or HbA1c among adult patients.
CI  - (c) 2021 The Authors. Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism published by John Wiley 
      & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Beltran, Sourik
AU  - Beltran S
AD  - Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 
      USA.
AD  - Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 
      Pennsylvania, USA.
FAU - Arenas, Daniel J
AU  - Arenas DJ
AD  - Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 
      Pennsylvania, USA.
FAU - Pharel, Marissa
AU  - Pharel M
AD  - Rush Medical College, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
FAU - Montgomery, Canada
AU  - Montgomery C
AD  - Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 
      Pennsylvania, USA.
FAU - Lopez-Hinojosa, Itzel
AU  - Lopez-Hinojosa I
AD  - Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
FAU - DeLisser, Horace M
AU  - DeLisser HM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4694-2496
AD  - Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 
      Pennsylvania, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20211102
PL  - England
TA  - Endocrinol Diabetes Metab
JT  - Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism
JID - 101732442
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
MH  - Food Insecurity
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hyperglycemia/etiology
PMC - PMC8754242
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - food insecurity
OT  - social determinants of health
OT  - type 2 diabetes
COIS- The authors have no conflicting or competing interests to declare.
EDAT- 2021/11/03 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/15 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/02
CRDT- 2021/11/02 09:23
PHST- 2021/10/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/08/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/10/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/02 09:23 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - EDM2315 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/edm2.315 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2022 Jan;5(1):e00315. doi: 10.1002/edm2.315. Epub 2021 
      Nov 2.