PMID- 34727881
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211104
LR  - 20240404
IS  - 1471-2377 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2377 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Nov 2
TI  - Persistent intrathecal interleukin-8 production in a patient with 
      SARS-CoV-2-related encephalopathy presenting aphasia: a case report.
PG  - 426
LID - 10.1186/s12883-021-02459-3 [doi]
LID - 426
AB  - BACKGROUND: Neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) 
      are increasingly recognized and include encephalopathy, although direct infection 
      of the brain by SARS-CoV-2 remains controversial. We herein report the clinical 
      course and cytokine profiles of a patient with severe SARS-CoV-2-related 
      encephalopathy presenting aphasia. CASE PRESENTATION: An 81-year-old man 
      developed acute consciousness disturbance and status epileptics several days 
      after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Following treatment with remdesivir and 
      dexamethasone, his consciousness and epileptic seizures improved; however, 
      amnestic aphasia and agraphia remained. Two months after methylprednisolone pulse 
      and intravenous immunoglobulin, his neurological deficits improved. We found 
      increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant 
      protein-1 (MCP-1), but not IL-2 and IL-10 in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid 
      (CSF), and the levels of serum IL-6 and MCP-1 were much higher than those in the 
      CSF. The level of IL-8 in the CSF after immunotherapy was four times higher than 
      that before immunotherapy. CONCLUSION: The cytokine profile of our patient was 
      similar to that seen in severe SARS-CoV-2-related encephalopathy. We demonstrated 
      (i) that the characteristic aphasia can occur as a focal neurological deficit 
      associated with SARS-CoV-2-related encephalopathy, and (ii) that IL8-mediated 
      central nervous system inflammation follows systemic inflammation in 
      SARS-CoV-2-related encephalopathy and can persist and worsen even after 
      immunotherapy. Monitoring IL-8 in CSF, and long-term corticosteroids may be 
      required for treating SARS-CoV-2-related encephalopathy.
CI  - (c) 2021. The Author(s).
FAU - Kudo, Takuya
AU  - Kudo T
AD  - Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 
      Yanagido, 501-1194, Gifu, Japan.
FAU - Hayashi, Yuichi
AU  - Hayashi Y
AD  - Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 
      Yanagido, 501-1194, Gifu, Japan.
FAU - Kunieda, Kenjiro
AU  - Kunieda K
AD  - Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 
      Yanagido, 501-1194, Gifu, Japan.
FAU - Yoshikura, Nobuaki
AU  - Yoshikura N
AD  - Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 
      Yanagido, 501-1194, Gifu, Japan.
FAU - Kimura, Akio
AU  - Kimura A
AD  - Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 
      Yanagido, 501-1194, Gifu, Japan.
FAU - Otsuki, Mika
AU  - Otsuki M
AD  - Faculty of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Sciences, Hokkaido University, 
      Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kitaku, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan.
FAU - Shimohata, Takayoshi
AU  - Shimohata T
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8788-9089
AD  - Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 
      Yanagido, 501-1194, Gifu, Japan. shimohata@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211102
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Neurol
JT  - BMC neurology
JID - 100968555
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-8)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - *Aphasia
MH  - *Brain Diseases
MH  - *COVID-19
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interleukin-8
MH  - Male
MH  - SARS-CoV-2
PMC - PMC8560881
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Aphasia
OT  - Case report
OT  - Encephalopathy
OT  - IL-8
OT  - SARS-CoV-2
COIS- The authors report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript.
EDAT- 2021/11/04 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/05 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/02
CRDT- 2021/11/03 05:36
PHST- 2021/08/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/10/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/03 05:36 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12883-021-02459-3 [pii]
AID - 2459 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12883-021-02459-3 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Neurol. 2021 Nov 2;21(1):426. doi: 10.1186/s12883-021-02459-3.