PMID- 34728789
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211220
LR  - 20230208
IS  - 2399-3642 (Electronic)
IS  - 2399-3642 (Linking)
VI  - 4
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Nov 2
TI  - An oxidative metabolic pathway of 4-deoxy-L-erythro-5-hexoseulose uronic acid 
      (DEHU) from alginate in an alginate-assimilating bacterium.
PG  - 1254
LID - 10.1038/s42003-021-02786-8 [doi]
LID - 1254
AB  - Alginate-assimilating bacteria degrade alginate into an unsaturated 
      monosaccharide, which is converted into 4-deoxy-L-erythro-5-hexoseulose uronic 
      acid (DEHU). DEHU is reduced to 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-gluconate by a DEHU-specific 
      reductase using NAD(P)H. This is followed by pyruvate production via the 
      Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Previously, we identified FlRed as a DEHU reductase in 
      an alginate-assimilating bacterium, Flavobacterium sp. strain UMI-01. Here, we 
      showed that FlRed can also catalyze the oxidation of DEHU with NAD(+), producing 
      2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glucarate (KDGR). FlRed showed a predilection for NADH and 
      NAD(+) over NADPH and NADP(+), respectively, and the K(m) value for NADH was 
      approximately 2.6-fold less than that for NAD(+). Furthermore, we identified two 
      key enzymes, FlDet and FlDeg, for KDGR catabolism. FlDet was identified as an 
      enzyme of the ribonuclease activity regulator A family, which converts KDGR to 
      alpha-ketoglutaric semialdehyde (alpha-KGSA). FlDeg, a type II alpha-KGSA dehydrogenase, 
      generated alpha-ketoglutaric acid by oxidizing the aldehyde group of alpha-KGSA using 
      NAD(P)(+). Consequently, unlike the conventional DEHU reduction pathway, DEHU can 
      be directly converted to alpha-ketoglutaric acid without consuming NAD(P)H. Alginate 
      upregulated the expression of not only FlRed and two enzymes of the 
      DEHU-reduction pathway, but also FlDet and FlDeg. These results revealed dual 
      pathways of DEHU metabolism involving reduction or oxidation by FlRed.
CI  - (c) 2021. The Author(s).
FAU - Nishiyama, Ryuji
AU  - Nishiyama R
AD  - Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 
      Japan.
FAU - Ojima, Takao
AU  - Ojima T
AD  - Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 
      Japan.
FAU - Ohnishi, Yuki
AU  - Ohnishi Y
AD  - Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
FAU - Kumaki, Yasuhiro
AU  - Kumaki Y
AD  - Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
FAU - Aizawa, Tomoyasu
AU  - Aizawa T
AD  - Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
FAU - Inoue, Akira
AU  - Inoue A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6049-3412
AD  - Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 
      Japan. inouea21@fish.hokudai.ac.jp.
LA  - eng
GR  - 16H04977/MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)/
GR  - 19H0303909/MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20211102
PL  - England
TA  - Commun Biol
JT  - Communications biology
JID - 101719179
RN  - 0 (Alginates)
RN  - 0 (Uronic Acids)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alginates/*metabolism
MH  - Flavobacterium/*metabolism
MH  - *Metabolic Networks and Pathways
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Uronic Acids/*metabolism
PMC - PMC8563752
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2021/11/04 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/21 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/02
CRDT- 2021/11/03 06:50
PHST- 2020/03/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/10/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/03 06:50 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s42003-021-02786-8 [pii]
AID - 2786 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s42003-021-02786-8 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Commun Biol. 2021 Nov 2;4(1):1254. doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-02786-8.