PMID- 34732399
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211230
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 2052-4897 (Electronic)
IS  - 2052-4897 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 2
DP  - 2021 Nov
TI  - Secular incidence trends and effect of population aging on mortality due to type 
      1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the 
      Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
LID - 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002529 [doi]
LID - e002529
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Diabetes and population aging have become public health issues of 
      global concern. The secular incidence trends and the impact of population aging 
      on mortality due to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus 
      (T2DM) in China remain unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The incidence and 
      mortality rates of T1DM and T2DM from 1990 to 2019 were abstracted from the 
      Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 database. Joinpoint regression and 
      age-period-cohort models were used to calculate the average annual percentage 
      change and relative risk (RR), respectively. A decomposition method was used to 
      attribute changes in total deaths to population growth, population aging, and the 
      mortality rate change from 1990 to 2019. RESULTS: From 1990 to 2019, the T1DM 
      age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increased by 2.01% (95% CI 1.78% to 2.23%) 
      in males and 1.70% (1.61% to 1.80%) in females, and the T1DM age-standardized 
      mortality rate (ASMR) decreased by 1.96% (-2.22% to -1.71%) in males and 4.02% 
      (-4.48% to -3.57%) in females. The T2DM ASIR increased by 0.81% (0.62% to 0.99%) 
      in males and 0.37% (0.16% to 0.58%) in females, and the T2DM ASMR increased by 
      1.06% (0.87% to 1.25%) in males and decreased by 0.24% (-0.54% to 0.07%) in 
      females. Compared with 1990, the proportions of deaths attributed to population 
      aging ranged from 18.85% (T1DM) to 148.21% (T2DM) for males and 29.80% (T1DM) to 
      118.82% (T2DM) for females in 2019. CONCLUSIONS: The T1DM and T2DM incidence 
      rates continually increased in China, particularly among young individuals. 
      T1DM-related mortality decreased, while T2DM-related mortality increased in 
      males. Population aging might be associated with a substantial change in the 
      number of deaths from 1990 to 2019. To address the increase in T2DM-related 
      deaths due to population aging, policymakers should promote aging-related health 
      research and implement proven, cost-effective T2DM interventions.
CI  - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No 
      commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
FAU - Li, Yongze
AU  - Li Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8782-3314
AD  - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC 
      Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital 
      of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
FAU - Guo, Chenxi
AU  - Guo C
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of 
      Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.
FAU - Cao, Yanli
AU  - Cao Y
AD  - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC 
      Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital 
      of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China vanilla421@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care
JT  - BMJ open diabetes research & care
JID - 101641391
SB  - IM
MH  - Aging
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Global Burden of Disease
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Male
PMC - PMC8572387
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - aging
OT  - epidemiology
OT  - public health
COIS- Competing interests: None declared.
EDAT- 2021/11/05 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/31 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/02
CRDT- 2021/11/04 05:37
PHST- 2021/08/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/04 05:37 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/31 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 9/2/e002529 [pii]
AID - bmjdrc-2021-002529 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002529 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2021 Nov;9(2):e002529. doi: 
      10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002529.