PMID- 34738873 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220216 LR - 20240226 IS - 2165-5987 (Electronic) IS - 2165-5979 (Print) IS - 2165-5979 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2021 Dec TI - p-Coumaric acid regulates macrophage polarization in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion by promoting the expression of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase. PG - 10971-10981 LID - 10.1080/21655979.2021.2001924 [doi] AB - Macrophage infiltration is a hallmark pathological change observed in early stage myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and one of the main causes of myocardial damage. Here, we investigated the effects of p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) on macrophage polarization following MI/R injury and its mechanisms. In vitro, p-CA decreases the expression of LPS/IFN-gamma-induced M1 macrophage markers (TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS and CCL2) and increases IL-4-induced M2 macrophage markers (IL-10, CD206, Arg1 and Mrc) in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Additionally, p-CA elevated indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) protein expression levels, M2 macrophage polarization and M2 macrophage markers through IL-4. In contrast, repression of IDO attenuated p-CA functions regulating BMDMs through IL-4. In vivo, IDO expression was downregulated in mouse hearts subjected to MI/R injury. Treatment of p-CA increased IDO expression in the hearts of MI/R mice. Functionally, p-CA decreases M1 macrophage markers, the number of M1 macrophages and inflammation around heart tissue following MI/R injury. Importantly, p-CA reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis caused by MI/R. Altogether, our study identified that p-CA modulates macrophage polarization by promoting IDO expression and that p-CA attenuates macrophage-mediated inflammation following MI/R by promoting M2 macrophage polarization through IDO. FAU - Li, Na AU - Li N AD - Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China. FAU - Guo, Xueyuan AU - Guo X AD - Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases. FAU - Li, Rui AU - Li R AD - Department of Health Care, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhou, Jian AU - Zhou J AD - Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China. FAU - Yu, Fangfang AU - Yu F AD - Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University. FAU - Yan, Xianliang AU - Yan X AD - Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Bioengineered JT - Bioengineered JID - 101581063 RN - 0 (Cardiotonic Agents) RN - 0 (Coumaric Acids) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase) RN - 0 (Inflammation Mediators) RN - IBS9D1EU3J (p-coumaric acid) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Apoptosis/drug effects MH - Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology MH - *Cell Polarity/drug effects MH - Coumaric Acids/*pharmacology MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/*metabolism MH - Inflammation Mediators/metabolism MH - Macrophages/drug effects/*enzymology/*pathology MH - Male MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/*enzymology/*pathology MH - Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects/metabolism/pathology MH - Mice PMC - PMC8810143 OTO - NOTNLM OT - IDO OT - P-coumaric acid OT - macrophage polarization OT - myocardial ischemia/reperfusion COIS- No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). EDAT- 2021/11/06 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/17 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/29 CRDT- 2021/11/05 12:11 PHST- 2021/11/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/05 12:11 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 2001924 [pii] AID - 10.1080/21655979.2021.2001924 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Bioengineered. 2021 Dec;12(2):10971-10981. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2001924.