PMID- 34741182
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220330
LR  - 20220402
IS  - 1618-2650 (Electronic)
IS  - 1618-2642 (Print)
IS  - 1618-2642 (Linking)
VI  - 414
IP  - 10
DP  - 2022 Apr
TI  - Point-of-care human milk testing for maternal secretor status.
PG  - 3187-3196
LID - 10.1007/s00216-021-03697-7 [doi]
AB  - We present an electrochemical impedimetric-based biosensor for monitoring the 
      variation in human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition. 2'-Fucosyllactose 
      (2'FL) is an HMO associated with infant growth, cognitive development, and 
      protection from infectious diarrhea, one of the major causes of infant death 
      worldwide. Due to genetic variation, the milk of some women (non-secretors) 
      contains no or very little 2'FL with potential implications for infant health and 
      development. However, there is currently no technology to analyze the presence 
      and concentration of HMOs in human milk at the point-of-care (POC). The lack of 
      such technology represents a major impediment to advancing human milk research 
      and improving maternal-infant health. Towards this unmet need, we report an 
      impedimetric assay for HMOs with an alpha-1,2 linkage, the most abundant of which is 
      2'FL. The sensor uses a lectin for affinity, specifically Ulex europaeus 
      agglutinin I (UEA), with electrochemical readout. In spiked studies, the sensor 
      exhibited a high degree of linearity (R(2) = 0.991) over 0.5 to 3.0 muM with a 
      330-nM detection limit. The sensor performance was clinically validated using 
      banked human milk samples and correctly identified all secretor vs. non-secretor 
      samples. Furthermore, despite the short 35-min assay time and low sample volume 
      (25 muL), the assay was highly correlated with HPLC measurements. This bedside 
      human milk testing assay enables POC, "sample-to-answer" quantitative HMO 
      measurement, and will be a valuable tool to assess milk composition.
CI  - (c) 2021. The Author(s).
FAU - Chung, Saeromi
AU  - Chung S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6389-9709
AD  - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San 
      Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
FAU - Bode, Lars
AU  - Bode L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9914-9571
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 
      92093, USA.
AD  - Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (MOMI CORE), University of 
      California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
FAU - Hall, Drew A
AU  - Hall DA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0674-074X
AD  - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San 
      Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. drewhall@ucsd.edu.
AD  - Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 
      92093, USA. drewhall@ucsd.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - UL1 TR001442/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1TR0001442-06/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1TR0001442-06/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211105
PL  - Germany
TA  - Anal Bioanal Chem
JT  - Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
JID - 101134327
RN  - 0 (Oligosaccharides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - *Milk, Human/chemistry
MH  - Oligosaccharides/chemistry
MH  - *Point-of-Care Systems
PMC - PMC8956550
MID - NIHMS1763872
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 2'-Fucosyllactose
OT  - Human milk
OT  - Human milk oligosaccharides
OT  - Impedance sensor
OT  - Milk analyzer
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2021/11/07 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/31 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/05
CRDT- 2021/11/06 06:12
PHST- 2021/08/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/11/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/31 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/06 06:12 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s00216-021-03697-7 [pii]
AID - 3697 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00216-021-03697-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anal Bioanal Chem. 2022 Apr;414(10):3187-3196. doi: 10.1007/s00216-021-03697-7. 
      Epub 2021 Nov 5.