PMID- 34741199
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211203
LR  - 20240128
IS  - 1539-0829 (Electronic)
IS  - 1534-4827 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 11
DP  - 2021 Nov 6
TI  - Interpreting Absolute and Relative Risk Reduction in the Context of Recent 
      Cardiovascular Outcome Trials in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
PG  - 45
LID - 10.1007/s11892-021-01417-0 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The cardiovascular benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 
      inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) have 
      increased the focus of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) care on comprehensive 
      cardiovascular risk reduction. Herein, we review the results of the 
      cardiovascular outcomes trials of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA, discuss the concepts of 
      relative vs. absolute risk reduction in the context of these trials, and 
      highlight the importance of individualized risk assessment when applying trial 
      results to clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS: To enable personalized treatment 
      approaches, multiple clinical risk scores have been developed to assess risk of 
      atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) outcomes and hospitalization for 
      heart failure (HHF) in patients with T2DM. In addition, circulating biomarkers of 
      myocardial injury (cardiac troponin) and hemodynamic stress (natriuretic 
      peptides) have been shown to further refine risk prediction of these clinically 
      important cardiovascular complications. When making decisions about whether to 
      initiate SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA, clinicians should consider the anticipated relative 
      and absolute treatment benefits from these antihyperglycemic therapies. 
      Clinicians can use available clinical and biomarker-based risk tools when 
      counseling patients about their individual cardiovascular risk profiles and when 
      estimating absolute treatment benefits from SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA.
CI  - (c) 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business 
      Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Berg, David D
AU  - Berg DD
AD  - TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard 
      Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Suite 7022, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. 
      dberg1@bwh.harvard.edu.
FAU - Kolkailah, Ahmed A
AU  - Kolkailah AA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3327-1718
AD  - University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
AD  - Parkland Health and Hospital System, Dallas, TX, USA.
FAU - Sarraju, Ashish
AU  - Sarraju A
AD  - Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford 
      University, Stanford, CA, USA.
FAU - Kerchberger, Anne Marie
AU  - Kerchberger AM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3596-7169
AD  - University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
AD  - Parkland Health and Hospital System, Dallas, TX, USA.
FAU - Eljalby, Mahmoud
AU  - Eljalby M
AD  - University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
AD  - Parkland Health and Hospital System, Dallas, TX, USA.
FAU - McGuire, Darren K
AU  - McGuire DK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6412-7989
AD  - University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
AD  - Parkland Health and Hospital System, Dallas, TX, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
DEP - 20211106
PL  - United States
TA  - Curr Diab Rep
JT  - Current diabetes reports
JID - 101093791
RN  - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/etiology/prevention & control
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/drug therapy
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - *Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
OT  - Cardiovascular risk
OT  - Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist
OT  - Heart failure
OT  - Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor
OT  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
EDAT- 2021/11/07 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2021/11/06 06:12
PHST- 2021/08/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/06 06:12 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11892-021-01417-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11892-021-01417-0 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Curr Diab Rep. 2021 Nov 6;21(11):45. doi: 10.1007/s11892-021-01417-0.