PMID- 34742785
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211220
LR  - 20211220
IS  - 1872-8227 (Electronic)
IS  - 0168-8227 (Linking)
VI  - 182
DP  - 2021 Dec
TI  - Review of early circulating biomolecules associated with diabetes nephropathy - 
      Ideal candidates for early biomarker array test for DN.
PG  - 109122
LID - S0168-8227(21)00481-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109122 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the catastrophic complications of 
      type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). 45% of DN patients progressed to End Stage Renal 
      Disease (ESRD) which robs casualties of the quality of live. The challenge in 
      early diagnosis of DN is it is asymptomatic in the early phase. Current gold 
      standard test for screening and diagnosis of DN are nonspecific and are not 
      sensitive in detecting DN early enough and subsequently monitor renal function 
      during management and intervention plans. Recent studies reported various 
      biomolecules which are associated with the onset of DN in T2DM using cutting-edge 
      technologies. These biomolecules could be potential early biomarkers for DN. This 
      review selectively identified potential early serum biomolecules which are 
      potential candidates for developing an Early Biomarker Array Test for DN. 
      METHODS: An advanced literature search was conducted on 4 online databases. 
      Search terms used were "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Diabetic nephropathy", 
      "pathogenesis" and "early biomarker. Filters were applied to capture articles 
      published from 2010 to 2020, written in English, human or animal models and 
      focused on serum biomolecules associated with DN. RESULTS: Five serum 
      biomolecules have been evidently described as contributing pivotal roles in the 
      pathophysiology of DN. MiR-377, miR-99b, CYP2E1, TGF-beta1 and periostin are 
      potential candidates for designing an early biomarker array for screening and 
      diagnosis of early stages of DN. The five shortlisted biomolecules originates 
      from endogenous biochemical processes which are specific to the progressive 
      pathophysiology of DN. CONCLUSION: miR-377, miR-99b, CYP2E1, TGF-beta1 and periostin 
      are potential candidate biomolecules for diagnosing DN at the early phases and 
      can be developed into a panel of endogenous biomarkers for early detection of DN 
      in patients with T2DM. The outcomes of this study will be a stepping stone 
      towards planning and developing an early biomarker array test for diabetic 
      nephropathy. The proposed panel of early biomarkers for DN has potential of 
      stratifying the stages of DN because each biomolecule appears at distinct stages 
      in the pathophysiology of DN.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Quan, Kok Ying
AU  - Quan KY
AD  - Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 
      Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Yap, Christina Gertrude
AU  - Yap CG
AD  - Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 
      Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: christina.yap@monash.edu.
FAU - Jahan, Nowrozy Kamar
AU  - Jahan NK
AD  - Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 
      Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: nowrozy.jahan@monash.edu.
FAU - Pillai, Naganathan
AU  - Pillai N
AD  - Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 
      Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: naganathan.pillai@monash.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20211103
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Diabetes Res Clin Pract
JT  - Diabetes research and clinical practice
JID - 8508335
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (MIRN377 microRNA, human)
RN  - 0 (MicroRNAs)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
MH  - *Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *MicroRNAs
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Diabetic nephropathy
OT  - Early biomolecules
OT  - Early diagnostic test
OT  - Type 2 diabetes
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2021/11/08 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/21 06:00
CRDT- 2021/11/07 20:35
PHST- 2020/08/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/07/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/10/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/07 20:35 [entrez]
AID - S0168-8227(21)00481-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109122 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021 Dec;182:109122. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109122. 
      Epub 2021 Nov 3.