PMID- 34749104
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211208
LR  - 20211214
IS  - 1879-2448 (Electronic)
IS  - 0043-1354 (Linking)
VI  - 207
DP  - 2021 Dec 1
TI  - A novel zero-liquid discharge desalination system based on the 
      humidification-dehumidification process: A preliminary study.
PG  - 117794
LID - S0043-1354(21)00988-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117794 [doi]
AB  - As a byproduct of desalination plants, brine is increasingly becoming a threat to 
      the environment, and the design of zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) systems is gaining 
      increasing attention. Existing ZLD systems are limited by a high energy intensity 
      and high plant costs of their crystallizers. This study proposes a novel 
      crystallization method based on the humidification-dehumidification (HDH) 
      process, which exhibits the advantages of a low energy consumption, low component 
      costs and a reduced scaling and fouling potential. A simple experimental setup is 
      first designed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system. Brine 
      concentration and salt crystallization are successfully achieved with air heated 
      to 40  degrees C as the heat source. Afterwards, a thermo-economic analysis is conducted 
      for the whole system. The specific thermal energy and electricity consumption 
      levels are found to range from 700-900 and 5-11 kJ, respectively, per kg of feed 
      brine. The energy consumption is 56% lower than that of a conventional 
      evaporative crystallizer, and the initial plant cost is reduced by 58%.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Chen, Qian
AU  - Chen Q
AD  - Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and 
      Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: chen_qian@u.nus.edu.
FAU - Akhtar, Faheem Hassan
AU  - Akhtar FH
AD  - Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and 
      Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry and Chemical 
      Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS). DHA, Lahore 54792, 
      Pakistan.
FAU - Burhan, Muhammad
AU  - Burhan M
AD  - Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and 
      Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - M, Kumja
AU  - M K
AD  - Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and 
      Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Ng, Kim Choon
AU  - Ng KC
AD  - Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and 
      Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: 
      kimchoon.ng@kaust.edu.sa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211025
PL  - England
TA  - Water Res
JT  - Water research
JID - 0105072
RN  - 451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride)
SB  - IM
MH  - Crystallization
MH  - Hot Temperature
MH  - Osmosis
MH  - Sodium Chloride
MH  - *Water Purification
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Crystallization
OT  - Humidification-dehumidification
OT  - Zero-liquid discharge desalination
EDAT- 2021/11/09 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2021/11/08 20:22
PHST- 2021/08/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/10/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/10/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/08 20:22 [entrez]
AID - S0043-1354(21)00988-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117794 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Water Res. 2021 Dec 1;207:117794. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117794. Epub 2021 
      Oct 25.