PMID- 34756508
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220110
LR  - 20220110
IS  - 1532-1770 (Electronic)
IS  - 1521-6942 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 4
DP  - 2021 Dec
TI  - Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease - Treatment options.
PG  - 101720
LID - S1521-6942(21)00062-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.berh.2021.101720 [doi]
AB  - In contrast to gout, no disease-modifying therapies currently exist that reduce 
      articular crystal deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals (CPPs). Treatment 
      is aimed at ameliorating the inflammatory response and reducing the frequency and 
      severity of clinical symptoms due to CPP deposition (CPPD). Despite being one of 
      the most common forms of inflammatory arthritis, CPPD remains under-studied and 
      evidence-based treatment guidelines remain lacking. Commonly used treatments for 
      clinical manifestations of CPPD (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs], 
      colchicine and corticosteroids [CSs]) are extrapolated from use in gout. Anakinra 
      and tocilizumab can be used in refractory cases. Though no current 
      crystal-targeted treatments exist, studies suggest that nucleoside analogues and 
      phosphocitrate can attenuate calcification of human cartilage ex-vivo. Hindering 
      research, is the lack of a well-defined description of CPPD. However, 
      international working groups have convened to establish classification criteria 
      and validated outcome domains for CPPD. This should help facilitate the setting 
      up of large multicentre studies, with well-defined cohorts, which can evaluate 
      suitable therapies, providing high levels of evidence to guide clinicians. Here, 
      we summarise and discuss the currently available anti-inflammatory treatment 
      options for CPPD and discuss potential future crystal-targeted approaches.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Stack, John
AU  - Stack J
AD  - Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles St, Dublin 7, Ireland; University 
      College Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address: johnstack@mater.ie.
FAU - McCarthy, Geraldine
AU  - McCarthy G
AD  - Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles St, Dublin 7, Ireland; University 
      College Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address: g.mccarthy@ucd.ie.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20211028
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol
JT  - Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology
JID - 101121149
RN  - SML2Y3J35T (Colchicine)
RN  - X69NU20D19 (Calcium Pyrophosphate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Calcium Pyrophosphate
MH  - *Chondrocalcinosis/drug therapy
MH  - Colchicine/therapeutic use
MH  - *Gout
MH  - Humans
MH  - Joints
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Anakinra
OT  - Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease
OT  - Colchicine
OT  - Corticosteroid
OT  - Hydroxychloroquine
OT  - Management
OT  - Methotrexate
OT  - NSAIDs
OT  - Tocilizumab
OT  - Treatment
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest 
      with regard to this publication.
EDAT- 2021/11/11 06:00
MHDA- 2022/01/11 06:00
CRDT- 2021/11/10 13:58
PHST- 2021/11/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/01/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/10 13:58 [entrez]
AID - S1521-6942(21)00062-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.berh.2021.101720 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2021 Dec;35(4):101720. doi: 
      10.1016/j.berh.2021.101720. Epub 2021 Oct 28.