PMID- 34762730
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220316
LR  - 20230227
IS  - 1944-9097 (Electronic)
IS  - 0362-028X (Linking)
VI  - 85
IP  - 3
DP  - 2022 Mar 1
TI  - Persistent Organic Pollutants in Human Milk: Exposure Levels and Determinants 
      among Lactating Mothers in Lebanon.
PG  - 384-389
LID - 10.4315/JFP-21-325 [doi]
AB  - ABSTRACT: Exposure of newborns to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is a 
      public health concern. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence 
      of POPs in human milk collected from lactating mothers in Lebanon and to 
      investigate the sociodemographic, nutritional, and other lifestyle determinants. 
      Fifty-four breast milk samples were collected as per World Health Organization 
      guidelines. A survey was used to assess the anthropometric and demographic 
      characteristics of participants. Dietary habits were evaluated based on a 
      semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Organochlorine pesticides and 
      polychlorinated biphenyls were measured in milk samples with liquid-liquid 
      extraction and gas chromatography. Among the screened POPs, 
      dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) was the only POP detected in breast milk 
      samples and was found in only 17.9% of the samples, with a mean (SD) of 11.6 
      (5.0) mug/L and a range of 5.7 to 21.4 mug/L. Prepregnancy body mass index and age 
      were positively associated with DDE contamination in breast milk. Women who 
      consumed cereals at least two times per week had detectable DDE contamination in 
      their breast milk. Consumption of potatoes and beans at least once per week was 
      also associated with DDE contamination. Our study is the first to assess the 
      presence of POPs in breast milk in Lebanon. The benefits of breastfeeding 
      compensate for the low prevalence of DDE in the breast milk. Our findings 
      highlight the high need to implement monitoring policies, good agricultural 
      practices, and education programs for breastfeeding mothers.
CI  - Copyright (c), International Association for Food Protection.
FAU - Hassan, Hussein F
AU  - Hassan HF
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4215-6815
AD  - Nutrition Program, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
FAU - Elaridi, Jomana
AU  - Elaridi J
AD  - Chemistry Program, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, 
      Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
FAU - Kharma, Joelle Abi
AU  - Kharma JA
AD  - Nutrition Program, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
FAU - Abiad, Mohamad Ghassan
AU  - Abiad MG
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Laboratories for the Environment, 
      Agriculture, and Food, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American 
      University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
FAU - Bassil, Maya
AU  - Bassil M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9996-1300
AD  - Nutrition Program, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
AD  - Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar 
      University, Doha, Qatar.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Food Prot
JT  - Journal of food protection
JID - 7703944
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Lactation
MH  - Lebanon
MH  - Milk, Human/chemistry
MH  - Mothers
MH  - Persistent Organic Pollutants
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
MH  - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Breast milk
OT  - Determinants
OT  - Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE)
OT  - Lebanon
OT  - Persistent organic pollutants
EDAT- 2021/11/12 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/17 06:00
CRDT- 2021/11/11 17:25
PHST- 2021/08/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/10/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/11 17:25 [entrez]
AID - S0362-028X(22)06784-9 [pii]
AID - 10.4315/JFP-21-325 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Food Prot. 2022 Mar 1;85(3):384-389. doi: 10.4315/JFP-21-325.