PMID- 34764726
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240404
IS  - 1226-8453 (Print)
IS  - 2093-4947 (Electronic)
IS  - 1226-8453 (Linking)
VI  - 45
IP  - 6
DP  - 2021 Nov
TI  - Korean Red Ginseng exerts anti-inflammatory and autophagy-promoting activities in 
      aged mice.
PG  - 717-725
LID - 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.03.009 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a traditional herb that has several 
      beneficial properties including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and autophagy 
      regulatory effects. However, the mechanisms of these effects are not well 
      understood. In this report, the underlying mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and 
      autophagy-promoting effects were investigated in aged mice treated with KRG-water 
      extract (WE) over a long period. METHODS: The mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and 
      autophagy-promoting activities of KRG-WE were evaluated in kidney, lung, liver, 
      stomach, and colon of aged mice using semi-quantitative reverse transcription 
      polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), and western 
      blot analysis. RESULTS: KRG-WE significantly suppressed the mRNA expression 
      levels of inflammation-related genes such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-8, tumor 
      necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and IL-6 in 
      kidney, lung, liver, stomach, and colon of the aged mice. Furthermore, KRG-WE 
      downregulated the expression of transcription factors and their protein levels 
      associated with inflammation in lung and kidney of aged mice. KRG-WE also 
      increased the expression of autophagy-related genes and their protein levels in 
      colon, liver, and stomach. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that KRG can suppress 
      inflammatory responses and recover autophagy activity in aged mice.
CI  - (c) 2021 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Kim, Jin Kyeong
AU  - Kim JK
AD  - Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Shin, Kon Kuk
AU  - Shin KK
AD  - Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Haeyeop
AU  - Kim H
AD  - Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Hong, Yo Han
AU  - Hong YH
AD  - Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Choi, Wooram
AU  - Choi W
AD  - Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Kwak, Yi-Seong
AU  - Kwak YS
AD  - R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Han, Chang-Kyun
AU  - Han CK
AD  - R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Hyun, Sun Hee
AU  - Hyun SH
AD  - R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Cho, Jae Youl
AU  - Cho JY
AD  - Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic 
      of Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210406
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - J Ginseng Res
JT  - Journal of ginseng research
JID - 100890690
PMC - PMC8569327
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - AP-1, activator protein-1
OT  - ATG, autophagy-related gene
OT  - IL, interleukin
OT  - KRG, Korean Red Ginseng
OT  - Korean Red Ginseng (KRG)
OT  - MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
OT  - NF-kappaB, nuclear factor-kappa B
OT  - RT-PCR, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
OT  - TNF-alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha
OT  - aging
OT  - anti-inflammatory effect
OT  - autophagy
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. All authors listed have read and 
      approved the submitted manuscript. This manuscript has not been submitted to or 
      published in any journal and is not being considered for publication elsewhere.
EDAT- 2021/11/13 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/13 06:01
PMCR- 2021/04/06
CRDT- 2021/11/12 06:59
PHST- 2021/02/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/03/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/12 06:59 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/13 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S1226-8453(21)00042-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.03.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Ginseng Res. 2021 Nov;45(6):717-725. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.03.009. Epub 2021 
      Apr 6.