PMID- 34785890
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220302
LR  - 20220302
IS  - 1177-8881 (Electronic)
IS  - 1177-8881 (Linking)
VI  - 15
DP  - 2021
TI  - A review on the molecular basis underlying the protective effects of Andrographis 
      paniculata and andrographolide against myocardial injury.
PG  - 4615-4632
LID - 10.2147/DDDT.S331027 [doi]
AB  - Andrographolide is the major compound found in the medicinal plant, Andrographis 
      paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, which accounts for its medicinal properties. Both the 
      plant extract and compound have been reported to exhibit potential cardiovascular 
      activities. This review summarises related studies describing the biological 
      activities and target mechanisms of A. paniculata and andrographolide in vivo and 
      in vitro. The current evidence unambiguously indicated the protective effects 
      provided by A. paniculata and andrographolide administration against myocardial 
      injury. The intervention ameliorates the symptoms of myocardial injury by 
      interfering with the inductive phase of a) inflammatory response mediated by 
      nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein 
      kinase B (Akt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducer and 
      activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling molecules; b) oxidative stress 
      via activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf-2) and reduction 
      of enzymes responsible for generating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; c) 
      intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms in apoptosis regulated by upstream 
      insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and peroxisome 
      proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha); d) profibrotic growth factors 
      thus reducing cardiac fibrosis, improving endothelial function and fibrinolytic 
      function. In conclusion, A. paniculata and andrographolide possess therapeutic 
      potential in the management of myocardial injury, which requires further 
      validation in human clinical trials.
CI  - (c) 2021 Wong et al.
FAU - Wong, Sok Kuan
AU  - Wong SK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1184-4551
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 
      Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
FAU - Chin, Kok-Yong
AU  - Chin KY
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6628-1552
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 
      Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
FAU - Ima-Nirwana, Soelaiman
AU  - Ima-Nirwana S
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 
      Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20211110
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Drug Des Devel Ther
JT  - Drug design, development and therapy
JID - 101475745
RN  - 0 (Diterpenes)
RN  - 0 (Protective Agents)
RN  - 410105JHGR (andrographolide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Andrographis paniculata/*chemistry
MH  - Diterpenes/chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Molecular Conformation
MH  - Myocardial Infarction/*drug therapy/metabolism
MH  - Protective Agents/chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
PMC - PMC8591231
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Andrographis
OT  - apoptosis
OT  - fibrosis
OT  - inflammation
OT  - myocardial infarction
OT  - oxidative stress
COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
EDAT- 2021/11/18 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/03 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/10
CRDT- 2021/11/17 06:51
PHST- 2021/07/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/11/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/17 06:51 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 331027 [pii]
AID - 10.2147/DDDT.S331027 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021 Nov 10;15:4615-4632. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S331027. 
      eCollection 2021.