PMID- 34807183
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20211124
IS  - 1539-4522 (Electronic)
IS  - 1559-128X (Linking)
VI  - 60
IP  - 31
DP  - 2021 Nov 1
TI  - Blind modulation format identification based on improved PSO clustering in a 2D 
      Stokes plane.
PG  - 9933-9942
LID - 10.1364/AO.439749 [doi]
AB  - Blind modulation format identification (MFI) is indispensable for correct signal 
      demodulation and optical performance monitoring in future elastic optical 
      networks (EON). Existing MFI schemes based on a clustering algorithm in Stokes 
      space have gained good performance, while only limited types of modulation 
      formats could be correctly identified, and the complexities are relatively high. 
      In this work, we have proposed an MFI scheme with a low computational complexity, 
      which combines an improved particle swarm optimization (I-PSO) clustering 
      algorithm with a 2D Stokes plane. The main idea of I-PSO is to add a new field of 
      view on each particle and limit each particle to only communicate with its 
      neighbor particles, so as to realize the correct judgment of the number of 
      multiple clusters (local extrema) on the density images of the s(2)-s(3) plane. 
      The effectiveness has been verified by 28 GBaud polarization division 
      multiplexing (PDM)-BPSK/PDM-QPSK/PDM-8QAM/PDM-16QAM/PDM-32QAM/PDM-64QAM 
      simulation EON systems and 28 GBaud PDM-QPSK/PDM-8QAM/PDM-16QAM/PDM-32QAM 
      proof-of-concept transmission experiments. The results show that, using this MFI 
      scheme, the minimum optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) values to achieve 100% 
      MFI success rate are all equal to or lower than those of the corresponding 7% 
      forward error correction (FEC) thresholds. At the same time, the MFI scheme also 
      obtains good tolerance to residual chromatic dispersion and differential group 
      delay. Besides that, the proposed scheme achieves 100% MFI success rate within a 
      maximum launch power range of -2 approximately +6 dBm. More importantly, its computational 
      complexity can be denoted as O(N).
FAU - Zhao, Ruqing
AU  - Zhao R
FAU - Sun, Weibin
AU  - Sun W
FAU - Xu, Hengying
AU  - Xu H
FAU - Bai, Chenglin
AU  - Bai C
FAU - Tang, Xue
AU  - Tang X
FAU - Wang, Zhiguo
AU  - Wang Z
FAU - Yang, Lishan
AU  - Yang L
FAU - Cao, Lingguo
AU  - Cao L
FAU - Bi, Yanfeng
AU  - Bi Y
FAU - Yu, Xinkuo
AU  - Yu X
FAU - Fang, Wenjing
AU  - Fang W
FAU - Li, Baokun
AU  - Li B
FAU - Zhou, Tanglei
AU  - Zhou T
FAU - Ge, Peiyun
AU  - Ge P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Appl Opt
JT  - Applied optics
JID - 0247660
SB  - IM
EDAT- 2021/11/23 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/23 06:01
CRDT- 2021/11/22 12:18
PHST- 2021/11/22 12:18 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/23 06:01 [medline]
AID - 462686 [pii]
AID - 10.1364/AO.439749 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Opt. 2021 Nov 1;60(31):9933-9942. doi: 10.1364/AO.439749.