PMID- 34820246
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20211126
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 10
DP  - 2021 Oct
TI  - Disseminated Paracoccidioidomycosis in a Kidney Transplant Recipient.
PG  - e19007
LID - 10.7759/cureus.19007 [doi]
LID - e19007
AB  - Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an endemic fungal infection in Latin America, 
      which manifests as an acute or chronic form and is more frequent in adult males. 
      It is caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis or Paracoccidioides lutzii, which 
      are thermodimorphic fungi. The disease can present as a severe and disseminated 
      form involving the lungs, skin, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and lymphoid organs 
      of the gastrointestinal tract. Most of the primary infections are subclinical, 
      and the cell-mediated immune response contains the infection. It is rare in 
      transplant patients, and there are few cases described in the literature. In 
      solid organ transplant patients, it usually results from the reactivation of a 
      latent infection, manifesting itself after a few years of transplantation with 
      frequent pulmonary and skin involvement. PCM is an endemic infection in Brazil; 
      however, as it is not classified as a notifiable disease, there is no accurate 
      database on its incidence, and case reports are important sources of information. 
      Clinical disease in kidney transplant patients is rare and has a high mortality 
      rate. In this scope, the present clinical case reports the challenges of the 
      clinical management of disseminated PCM caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis 
      in a kidney transplant recipient who used immunosuppressive drugs and was treated 
      with Itraconazole.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021, Felipe et al.
FAU - Felipe, Carlos Rafael A
AU  - Felipe CRA
AD  - Nephrology Center, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte Hospital, Belo Horizonte, BRA.
FAU - Silva, Aline D
AU  - Silva AD
AD  - Nephrology Center, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte Hospital, Belo Horizonte, BRA.
FAU - Moreira Guimaraes Penido, Maria Goretti
AU  - Moreira Guimaraes Penido MG
AD  - Nephrology Center, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte Hospital, Belo Horizonte, BRA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
DEP - 20211024
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC8607338
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - blastomycosis
OT  - immunosuppression
OT  - itraconazole
OT  - kidney transplantation
OT  - paracoccidioidomycosis
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2021/11/26 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/26 06:01
PMCR- 2021/10/24
CRDT- 2021/11/25 06:37
PHST- 2021/10/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/25 06:37 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/26 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/10/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.19007 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2021 Oct 24;13(10):e19007. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19007. eCollection 2021 
      Oct.