PMID- 34820735
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220523
LR  - 20220812
IS  - 1432-1459 (Electronic)
IS  - 0340-5354 (Print)
IS  - 0340-5354 (Linking)
VI  - 269
IP  - 6
DP  - 2022 Jun
TI  - Relapse activity in the chronic phase of anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 
      antibody-associated disease.
PG  - 3136-3146
LID - 10.1007/s00415-021-10914-x [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The patterns of relapse and relapse-prevention strategies for 
      anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are 
      not completely investigated. We compared the patterns of relapse in later stages 
      of MOGAD with those of anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab)-positive neuromyelitis 
      optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). METHODS: In this observational, comparative 
      cohort study, 66 patients with MOGAD and 90 with AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD were 
      enrolled. We compared the patterns of relapse and annualized relapse rates (ARRs) 
      in the first 10 years from disease onset, stratified by relapse-prevention 
      treatments. RESULTS: Approximately 50% of the patients with MOGAD experienced 
      relapses in the first 10 years. Among those not undergoing relapse-prevention 
      treatments, ARRs in the first 5 years were slightly lower in MOGAD patients than 
      in AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD patients (MOGAD vs. AQP4-Ab NMOSD: 0.19 vs. 0.30; 
      p = 0.0753). After 5 years, the ARR decreased in MOGAD patients (MOGAD vs. 
      AQP4-Ab NMOSD: 0.05 vs. 0.34; p = 0.0001), with a 72% reduction from the first 
      5 years (p = 0.0090). Eight (61.5%) of the 13 MOGAD patients with more than 
      10-year follow-up from disease onset showed relapse 10 years after onset. 
      Clustering in the timing and phenotype of attacks was observed in both disease 
      patients. The effectiveness of long-term low-dose oral PSL for relapse prevention 
      in patients with MOGAD has not been determined. CONCLUSIONS: The relapse risk in 
      patients with MOGAD is generally lower than that in patients with 
      AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD, especially 5 years after onset. Meanwhile, relapses later 
      than 10 years from onset are not rare in both diseases.
CI  - (c) 2021. The Author(s).
FAU - Akaishi, Tetsuya
AU  - Akaishi T
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6728-4966
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan. 
      t-akaishi@med.tohoku.ac.jp.
AD  - Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University 
      Hospital, Sendai, Japan. t-akaishi@med.tohoku.ac.jp.
FAU - Misu, Tatsuro
AU  - Misu T
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
FAU - Fujihara, Kazuo
AU  - Fujihara K
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
AD  - Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University, 
      Fukushima, Japan.
FAU - Takahashi, Toshiyuki
AU  - Takahashi T
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
AD  - Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Yonezawa National 
      Hospital, Yonezawa, Japan.
FAU - Takai, Yoshiki
AU  - Takai Y
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
FAU - Nishiyama, Shuhei
AU  - Nishiyama S
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
FAU - Kaneko, Kimihiko
AU  - Kaneko K
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
FAU - Fujimori, Juichi
AU  - Fujimori J
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, 
      Japan.
FAU - Ishii, Tadashi
AU  - Ishii T
AD  - Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University 
      Hospital, Sendai, Japan.
FAU - Aoki, Masashi
AU  - Aoki M
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
FAU - Nakashima, Ichiro
AU  - Nakashima I
AD  - Department of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, 
      Japan.
LA  - eng
GR  - FC001030/ARC_/Arthritis Research UK/United Kingdom
GR  - 20FC1030/Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare/
GR  - 20K07892/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Observational Study
DEP - 20211125
PL  - Germany
TA  - J Neurol
JT  - Journal of neurology
JID - 0423161
RN  - 0 (Aquaporin 4)
RN  - 0 (Autoantibodies)
RN  - 0 (Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein)
RN  - 0 (anti-aquaporin 4 autoantibody)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Aquaporin 4
MH  - Autoantibodies
MH  - Chronic Disease
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
MH  - *Neuromyelitis Optica/drug therapy
MH  - Recurrence
PMC - PMC9120114
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody
OT  - MOG-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD)
OT  - Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)
OT  - Relapse prevention
OT  - Relapse-free survival
COIS- T. Akaishi, T. Misu, T. Takahashi, Y. Takai, S. Nishiyama, K. Kaneko, J. 
      Fujimori, T. Ishii, and M. Aoki report no disclosures. K. Fujihara received 
      speaker honoraria and travel funding from Bayer, Biogen Japan, Eisai, Mitsubishi 
      Tanabe, Novartis, Astellas, Takeda, Asahi Kasei Medical, Daiichi Sankyo, and 
      Nihon Pharmaceutical, and received research support from Bayer, Biogen, Asahi 
      Kasei Medical, The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, Teva, Mitsubishi 
      Tanabe Pharma, Teijin, Chugai, Ono, Nihon Pharmaceutical, and Genzyme. I. 
      Nakashima received speaker honoraria, travel funding, and advisory fee from 
      Biogen Japan, Novartis Pharma, Alexion Pharma, and Chugai Pharmaceutical and 
      received research support from LSI Medience.
EDAT- 2021/11/26 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/24 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/25
CRDT- 2021/11/25 06:46
PHST- 2021/10/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/11/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/11/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/25 06:46 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s00415-021-10914-x [pii]
AID - 10914 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00415-021-10914-x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurol. 2022 Jun;269(6):3136-3146. doi: 10.1007/s00415-021-10914-x. Epub 2021 
      Nov 25.