PMID- 34822634
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20211130
IS  - 2306-7381 (Electronic)
IS  - 2306-7381 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 11
DP  - 2021 Nov 2
TI  - Comparative Review of Malignant Melanoma and Histologically Well-Differentiated 
      Melanocytic Neoplasm in the Oral Cavity of Dogs.
LID - 10.3390/vetsci8110261 [doi]
LID - 261
AB  - Oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is the most common neoplasm of the canine oral 
      cavity. It is characterized by its aggressive local disease as well as its high 
      rate of lymphatic invasion and distant metastasis. OMM carries a poor prognosis, 
      with most patients succumbing to the disease due to progression of the neoplasm. 
      Histopathologically, OMM is characterized by significant nuclear atypia, a 
      mitotic index of greater than 4/10 hpf, and evidence of vascular invasion or 
      metastasis. Clinically, these lesions can become locally invasive, causing lysis 
      of bones and severe inflammation of the surrounding soft tissue. With time, these 
      lesions can spread to the regional lymph node and to the lungs and other organs. 
      Prognosis can vary depending on the size of the primary tumor, regional node 
      involvement, and distant metastatic disease; however, multiple studies report a 
      relatively short median survival time ranging from less than 4 months to 8 
      months. Histologically well- differentiated melanocytic neoplasms (HWDMN) are a 
      variant of OMM and sometimes referred to as canine oral melanocytic neoplasms of 
      low malignant potential. Unlike OMM, patients with HWDMN have longer survival 
      times. Histopathologically, HWDMNs have well-differentiated melanocytes with a 
      low mitotic index of 3 or less per 10 hpf and minimal nuclear atypia. HWDMNs have 
      better prognosis with a mean survival time of up to 34 months. This article is a 
      comparative review of OMM and its less aggressive counterpart.
FAU - Kim, Won Suk
AU  - Kim WS
AD  - Department of Surgical Oncology, VCA West Coast Specialty and Emergency Animal 
      Hospital, 18300 Euclid Street, Fountain Valley, CA 92708, USA.
FAU - Vinayak, Arathi
AU  - Vinayak A
AD  - Department of Surgical Oncology, VCA West Coast Specialty and Emergency Animal 
      Hospital, 18300 Euclid Street, Fountain Valley, CA 92708, USA.
FAU - Powers, Barbara
AU  - Powers B
AD  - Antech Diagnostics, 17620 Mt Hermann St, Fountain Valley, CA 92708, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20211102
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Vet Sci
JT  - Veterinary sciences
JID - 101680127
PMC - PMC8624997
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - melanocytic neoplasm
OT  - melanoma
OT  - mitotic index
OT  - oral tumor
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/11/26 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/26 06:01
PMCR- 2021/11/02
CRDT- 2021/11/25 17:10
PHST- 2021/10/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/10/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/10/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/25 17:10 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/26 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - vetsci8110261 [pii]
AID - vetsci-08-00261 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/vetsci8110261 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Vet Sci. 2021 Nov 2;8(11):261. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8110261.