PMID- 34836412
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211223
LR  - 20240324
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 11
DP  - 2021 Nov 20
TI  - Urinary Concentrations of (+)-Catechin and (-)-Epicatechin as Biomarkers of 
      Dietary Intake of Flavan-3-ols in the European Prospective Investigation into 
      Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study.
LID - 10.3390/nu13114157 [doi]
LID - 4157
AB  - This study examines the correlation of acute and habitual dietary intake of 
      flavan-3-ol monomers, proanthocyanidins, theaflavins, and their main food sources 
      with the urinary concentrations of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in the 
      European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC). 
      Participants (N = 419, men and women) provided 24-h urine samples and completed a 
      24-h dietary recall (24-HDR) on the same day. Acute and habitual dietary data 
      were collected using a standardized 24-HDR software and a validated dietary 
      questionnaire, respectively. Intake of flavan-3-ols was estimated using the 
      Phenol-Explorer database. Concentrations of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in 
      24-h urine were analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry after enzymatic 
      deconjugation. Simple and partial Spearman's correlations showed that urinary 
      concentrations of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and their sum were more strongly 
      correlated with acute than with habitual intake of individual and total monomers 
      (acute r(partial) = 0.13-0.54, p < 0.05; and habitual r(partial) = 0.14-0.28, p < 
      0.01), proanthocyanidins (acute r(partial) = 0.24-0.49, p < 0.001; and habitual 
      r(partial) = 0.10-0.15, p < 0.05), theaflavins (acute r(partial) = 0.22-0.31, p < 
      0.001; and habitual r(partial) = 0.20-0.26, p < 0.01), and total flavan-3-ols 
      (acute r(partial) = 0.40-0.48, p < 0.001; and habitual r(partial) = 0.23-0.33, p 
      < 0.001). Similarly, urinary concentrations of flavan-3-ols were weakly 
      correlated with both acute (r(partial) = 0.12-0.30, p < 0.05) and habitual intake 
      (r(partial) = 0.10-0.27, p < 0.05) of apple and pear, stone fruits, berries, 
      chocolate and chocolate products, cakes and pastries, tea, herbal tea, wine, red 
      wine, and beer and cider. Moreover, all comparable correlations were stronger for 
      urinary (-)-epicatechin than for (+)-catechin. In conclusion, our data support 
      the use of urinary concentrations of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, especially 
      as short-term nutritional biomarkers of dietary catechin, epicatechin and total 
      flavan-3-ol monomers.
FAU - Almanza-Aguilera, Enrique
AU  - Almanza-Aguilera E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4805-0774
AD  - Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan 
      Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 
      08908 Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Ceballos-Sanchez, Daniela
AU  - Ceballos-Sanchez D
AD  - Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan 
      Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 
      08908 Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Achaintre, David
AU  - Achaintre D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5566-3130
AD  - Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer 
      (IARC-WHO), 69372 Lyon, France.
FAU - Rothwell, Joseph A
AU  - Rothwell JA
AD  - UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, "Exposome and Heredity" Team, Universite Paris-Saclay, 
      Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France.
FAU - Laouali, Nasser
AU  - Laouali N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8532-456X
AD  - UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, "Exposome and Heredity" Team, Universite Paris-Saclay, 
      Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France.
FAU - Severi, Gianluca
AU  - Severi G
AD  - UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, "Exposome and Heredity" Team, Universite Paris-Saclay, 
      Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France.
AD  - Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), 
      University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy.
FAU - Katzke, Verena
AU  - Katzke V
AD  - Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 
      Heidelberg, Germany.
FAU - Johnson, Theron
AU  - Johnson T
AD  - Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 
      Heidelberg, Germany.
FAU - Schulze, Matthias B
AU  - Schulze MB
AD  - Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition 
      Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
AD  - Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
FAU - Palli, Domenico
AU  - Palli D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5558-2437
AD  - Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer 
      Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy.
FAU - Gargano, Giuliana
AU  - Gargano G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0813-3022
AD  - Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 
      20133 Milan, Italy.
FAU - de Magistris, Maria Santucci
AU  - de Magistris MS
AD  - Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, 80131 
      Naples, Italy.
FAU - Tumino, Rosario
AU  - Tumino R
AD  - Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Provincial Health Authority (ASP 
      7), 97100 Ragusa, Italy.
FAU - Sacerdote, Carlotta
AU  - Sacerdote C
AD  - Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Citta della Salute e della Scienza 
      University-Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy.
FAU - Scalbert, Augustin
AU  - Scalbert A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6651-6710
AD  - Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer 
      (IARC-WHO), 69372 Lyon, France.
FAU - Zamora-Ros, Raul
AU  - Zamora-Ros R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6236-6804
AD  - Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan 
      Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 
      08908 Barcelona, Spain.
LA  - eng
GR  - 001/WHO_/World Health Organization/International
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
DEP - 20211120
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Biflavonoids)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Flavonoids)
RN  - 0 (Proanthocyanidins)
RN  - 1IA46M0D13 (theaflavin)
RN  - 35HDD3NRIE (flavan-3-ol)
RN  - 8R1V1STN48 (Catechin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Biflavonoids/*analysis
MH  - Biomarkers/urine
MH  - Catechin/analysis/*urine
MH  - Diet/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Diet Surveys
MH  - Eating
MH  - Europe
MH  - Female
MH  - Flavonoids/*analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Nutrition Assessment
MH  - Proanthocyanidins/*analysis
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Statistics, Nonparametric
PMC - PMC8624971
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - EPIC
OT  - biomarkers
OT  - catechin
OT  - epicatechin
OT  - flavan-3-ols
OT  - intake
OT  - urine
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. Disclaimer: Where authors are 
      identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World 
      Health Organization, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in 
      this article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views 
      of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization.
EDAT- 2021/11/28 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/24 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/20
CRDT- 2021/11/27 01:30
PHST- 2021/11/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/11/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/11/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/11/27 01:30 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/11/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu13114157 [pii]
AID - nutrients-13-04157 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu13114157 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2021 Nov 20;13(11):4157. doi: 10.3390/nu13114157.