PMID- 34863447
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211207
LR  - 20211214
IS  - 1532-2653 (Electronic)
IS  - 0967-5868 (Linking)
VI  - 94
DP  - 2021 Dec
TI  - Association between homocysteine levels and cognitive profile in Alzheimer's 
      Disease.
PG  - 250-256
LID - S0967-5868(21)00489-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.09.033 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) 
      constitutes a risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The impact of HHcy on 
      cognitive functions has mainly been investigated using screening 
      neuropsychological tests that provide general, unspecific measures of cognitive 
      level. Since an association between HHcy and temporo-mesial atrophy has been 
      documented, we predicted that a fine-grained analysis of neuropsychological 
      performance should show stronger Hcy effects on memory scores than on other 
      cognitive scores. OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of Hcy level on cognitive 
      profile evaluated with specific, sensitive neuropsychological tests in a wide AD 
      cohort. METHODS: 323 patients with AD were enrolled in a cross-sectional study 
      and underwent a neuropsychological examination exploring several cognitive 
      domains (memory, language, visuoperception, visuospatial abilities, executive 
      function, constructional praxis, ideomotor praxis). The effects of Hcy levels and 
      other risk factors (including cholesterol, smoking habits, triglycerides, apoEepsilon4 
      allele) were analysed. RESULTS: Generalized Linear Model detected a significant 
      drop in performance with increasing Hcy in 6/19 measures of cognitive functions, 
      namely, in memory performance tasks as well as in Luria's motor planning test, 
      with effect sizes ranging 1.4%-2.8% (Eta-squared), partialling out effects of 
      other predictors. CONCLUSIONS: HHcy was associated with poor performance in short 
      and long-term spatial and verbal memory more than with other cognitive 
      dysfunctions. These results support the hypothesis that medial temporal networks 
      might be vulnerable to HHcy, consistently with data from neuroimaging studies 
      suggesting a link in AD between temporal atrophy and HHcy; the effect on Luria's 
      motor planning task suggests further involvement of frontal structures.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Luzzi, Simona
AU  - Luzzi S
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of 
      Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy. Electronic address: s.luzzi@univpm.it.
FAU - Papiri, Giulio
AU  - Papiri G
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of 
      Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy.
FAU - Viticchi, Giovanna
AU  - Viticchi G
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of 
      Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy.
FAU - Baldinelli, Sara
AU  - Baldinelli S
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of 
      Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy.
FAU - Fiori, Chiara
AU  - Fiori C
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of 
      Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy.
FAU - Silvestrini, Mauro
AU  - Silvestrini M
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of 
      Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy.
FAU - Toraldo, Alessio
AU  - Toraldo A
AD  - Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy; Milan 
      Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211108
PL  - Scotland
TA  - J Clin Neurosci
JT  - Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society 
      of Australasia
JID - 9433352
RN  - 0LVT1QZ0BA (Homocysteine)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Alzheimer Disease
MH  - Cognition
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Homocysteine
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alzheimer's Disease
OT  - Cognitive profile
OT  - Homocysteine
OT  - Hyperhomocysteinemia
OT  - Neuropsychology
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2021/12/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2021/12/05 20:48
PHST- 2021/06/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/09/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/12/05 20:48 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/12/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0967-5868(21)00489-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.09.033 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Neurosci. 2021 Dec;94:250-256. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.09.033. Epub 2021 
      Nov 8.