PMID- 34870015
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20211207
IS  - 2470-1343 (Electronic)
IS  - 2470-1343 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 47
DP  - 2021 Nov 30
TI  - High-Density Polyethylene Waste (HDPE)-Waste-Modified Lube Oil Nanocomposites as 
      Pour Point Depressants.
PG  - 31926-31934
LID - 10.1021/acsomega.1c04693 [doi]
AB  - Sustainability metrics have been established that cover the economic, social, and 
      environmental aspects of human activities. Reduce, reuse, and recycle (3R) 
      strategy targets solid waste management in the waste generation sectors. The 
      purpose of this work is to study the possibility of using various plastic wastes 
      containing high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and high-density polyethylene 
      nanoclay (PMON) as polymer additives to modify lubricating oil. The structure of 
      these additives was elucidated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and 
      the particle size of PMON was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The 
      thermal stability of HDPE and nanoclay HDPE (PMON) was studied, which showed 
      higher thermal stability, and these additives completed degradation above 500  degrees C. 
      The performance of HDPE and nanoclay HDPE (PMON) in lubricating oil was evaluated 
      as pour point depressants by standard ASTM methods. The results showed that the 
      efficiency of these additives increases with the decrease in the dose of these 
      additives and lubricating oil treated with HDPE at 0.25% dosage lowers PPT to -30 
       degrees C, while lubricating oil treated with nanoclay HDPE (PMON7) at 0.25% dosage 
      reduces PPT to -36  degrees C. Photomicrographic analysis was conducted to study 
      accumulations and modifications in the wax crystal morphology in lube oil without 
      and with HDPE and nanoclay HDPE (PMON7). Photomicrographs revealed that wax 
      morphology changes due to effective pour point depressants on crystal growth.
CI  - (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
FAU - Kamal, Rasha S
AU  - Kamal RS
AD  - Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Shaban, Mahmoud M
AU  - Shaban MM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7144-0316
AD  - Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Raju, Gunasunderi
AU  - Raju G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7664-1136
AD  - Chemistry Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 
      Penang, Malaysia.
FAU - Farag, Reem K
AU  - Farag RK
AD  - Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211118
PL  - United States
TA  - ACS Omega
JT  - ACS omega
JID - 101691658
PMC - PMC8637951
COIS- The authors declare no competing financial interest.
EDAT- 2021/12/07 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/07 06:01
PMCR- 2021/11/18
CRDT- 2021/12/06 09:26
PHST- 2021/08/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/11/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/12/06 09:26 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/12/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/07 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1021/acsomega.1c04693 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - ACS Omega. 2021 Nov 18;6(47):31926-31934. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04693. 
      eCollection 2021 Nov 30.