PMID- 34872166
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211208
LR  - 20211214
IS  - 1879-3363 (Electronic)
IS  - 0025-326X (Linking)
VI  - 173
IP  - Pt A
DP  - 2021 Dec
TI  - Buoyancy affects stranding rate and dispersal distance of floating litter 
      entering the sea from river mouths.
PG  - 113028
LID - S0025-326X(21)01062-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113028 [doi]
AB  - Rivers are a major source of litter entering the sea but our understanding of the 
      transport and fate of plastics in estuarine environments is poor. Marked blocks 
      of varying buoyancy were released at three river mouths in South Africa. Of the 
      1400 blocks released, 80% were recovered on nearby beaches, with a higher 
      recovery rate for more buoyant blocks. Dispersal distances increased with 
      decreasing buoyancy at all sites; median dispersal distance of stranded items 
      ranged from 20 to 90 m for expanded polystyrene (EPS) to 70-90 m for wood and 
      60-1042 m for high density polyethylene (HDPE) blocks. Floating litter in 
      estuaries is subject to bidirectional flow and export is largely controlled by 
      hydrodynamic conditions such as tides, winds, and wave action, as well as coastal 
      structure and vegetation. Cleaning beaches around river mouths will help to 
      reduce leakage of plastic and other litter into the sea.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Maclean, Kyle
AU  - Maclean K
AD  - FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence, 
      University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa. Electronic address: 
      macleankyle1@gmail.com.
FAU - Weideman, Eleanor A
AU  - Weideman EA
AD  - FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence, 
      University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa.
FAU - Perold, Vonica
AU  - Perold V
AD  - FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence, 
      University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa.
FAU - Ryan, Peter G
AU  - Ryan PG
AD  - FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence, 
      University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211013
PL  - England
TA  - Mar Pollut Bull
JT  - Marine pollution bulletin
JID - 0260231
RN  - 0 (Plastics)
RN  - 0 (Polystyrenes)
RN  - 0 (Waste Products)
SB  - IM
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Plastics
MH  - Polystyrenes
MH  - *Rivers
MH  - *Waste Products/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Buoyancy
OT  - Land-based sources
OT  - Macroplastics
OT  - Plastic tracking
EDAT- 2021/12/08 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2021/12/07 01:02
PHST- 2021/06/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/09/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/12/07 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/12/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0025-326X(21)01062-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113028 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 Dec;173(Pt A):113028. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113028. 
      Epub 2021 Oct 13.