PMID- 34888018
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20211211
IS  - 1948-9358 (Print)
IS  - 1948-9358 (Electronic)
IS  - 1948-9358 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 11
DP  - 2021 Nov 15
TI  - Adherence to Mediterranean diet and advanced glycation endproducts in patients 
      with diabetes.
PG  - 1942-1956
LID - 10.4239/wjd.v12.i11.1942 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: In recent years, American Diabetes Association started to strongly 
      advocate the Mediterranean diet (MD) over other diets in patients with diabetes 
      mellitus (DM) because of its beneficial effects on glycemic control and 
      cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Tissue levels of advanced glycation endproducts 
      (AGEs) emerged as an indicator of CV risk in DM. Skin biopsy being invasive, the 
      use of AGE Reader has been shown to reflect tissue AGEs reliably. AIM: To examine 
      the association between adherence to MD and AGEs in patients with DM type II. 
      METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 273 patients with DM type 
      II. A survey questionnaire was composed of 3 separate sections. The first part of 
      the questionnaire included general data and the habits of the participants. The 
      second part aimed to assess the basic parameters of participants' diseases and 
      associated conditions. The third part of the questionnaire was the Croatian 
      version of the 14-item MD service score (MDSS). AGEs levels and associated CV 
      risk were measured using AGE Reader (DiagnOptics Technologies BV, Groningen, The 
      Netherlands). RESULTS: A total of 27 (9.9%) patients fulfilled criteria for 
      adherence to MD, with a median score of 8.0 (6.0-10.0). Patients with 
      none/limited CV risk had significantly higher percentage of MD adherence in 
      comparison to patients with increased/definite CV risk (15.2% vs 6.9%, P = 
      0.028), as well as better adherence to guidelines for nuts (23.2% vs 12.6%, P = 
      0.023) and legumes (40.4% vs 25.9%, P = 0.013) consumption. Higher number of 
      patients with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) < 7% adhered to MD when compared to 
      patients with HbA1c > 7% (14.9% vs 7.3%, P = 0.045). Moreover, those patients 
      followed the MDSS guidelines for eggs (33.0% vs 46.8%, P = 0.025) and wine (15.6% 
      vs 29.8%, P = 0.006) consumption more frequently. MDSS score had significant 
      positive correlation with disease duration (r = 0.179, P = 0.003) and negative 
      correlation with body mass index (BMI) values (r = -0.159, P = 0.008). In the 
      multiple linear regression model, BMI (beta +/- SE, -0.09 +/- 0.04, P = 0.037) and 
      disease duration (beta +/- SE, 0.07 +/- 0.02, P < 0.001) remained significant 
      independent correlates of the MDSS score. Patients with HbA1c > 7% think that 
      educational programs on nutrition would be useful for patients in significantly 
      more cases than patients with HbA1c < 7% (98.9% vs 92.6%, P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: 
      Although adherence to MD was very low among people with diabetes, we demonstrated 
      that adherence to MD is greater in patients with lower CV risk, longer disease 
      duration, and well-controlled glycaemia.
CI  - (c)The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights 
      reserved.
FAU - Grahovac, Marko
AU  - Grahovac M
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 21000, 
      Croatia.
FAU - Kumric, Marko
AU  - Kumric M
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 
      21000, Croatia.
FAU - Vilovic, Marino
AU  - Vilovic M
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 
      21000, Croatia.
FAU - Martinovic, Dinko
AU  - Martinovic D
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 
      21000, Croatia.
FAU - Kreso, Ante
AU  - Kreso A
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 
      21000, Croatia.
FAU - Ticinovic Kurir, Tina
AU  - Ticinovic Kurir T
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 
      21000, Croatia.
FAU - Vrdoljak, Josip
AU  - Vrdoljak J
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 
      21000, Croatia.
FAU - Prizmic, Karlo
AU  - Prizmic K
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 
      21000, Croatia.
FAU - Bozic, Josko
AU  - Bozic J
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 
      21000, Croatia. jbozic@mefst.hr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - World J Diabetes
JT  - World journal of diabetes
JID - 101547524
PMC - PMC8613665
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Advanced glycation endproducts
OT  - Atherosclerosis
OT  - Cardiovascular disease
OT  - Diabetes mellitus
OT  - Dietary habits
OT  - Mediterranean diet
COIS- Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to report.
EDAT- 2021/12/11 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/11 06:01
PMCR- 2021/11/15
CRDT- 2021/12/10 06:43
PHST- 2021/05/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/07/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/10/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/12/10 06:43 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/12/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/11 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.4239/wjd.v12.i11.1942 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - World J Diabetes. 2021 Nov 15;12(11):1942-1956. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i11.1942.