PMID- 34899367 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20211215 IS - 1664-042X (Print) IS - 1664-042X (Electronic) IS - 1664-042X (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2021 TI - Beneficial Effects on Brain Micro-Environment by Caloric Restriction in Alleviating Neurodegenerative Diseases and Brain Aging. PG - 715443 LID - 10.3389/fphys.2021.715443 [doi] LID - 715443 AB - Aging and neurodegenerative diseases are frequently associated with the disruption of the extracellular microenvironment, which includes mesenchyme and body fluid components. Caloric restriction (CR) has been recognized as a lifestyle intervention that can improve long-term health. In addition to preventing metabolic disorders, CR has been shown to improve brain health owing to its enhancing effect on cognitive functions or retarding effect on the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This article summarizes current findings regarding the neuroprotective effects of CR, which include the modulation of metabolism, autophagy, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. This review may offer future perspectives for brain aging interventions. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Zhang, Xu, Ding, Li, Chen and Chen. FAU - Zhang, Li AU - Zhang L AD - Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, China. AD - Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China. AD - Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China. FAU - Xu, Huachong AU - Xu H AD - School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Ding, Ning AU - Ding N AD - Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. FAU - Li, Xue AU - Li X AD - School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China. FAU - Chen, Xiaoyin AU - Chen X AD - School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Zhuangfei AU - Chen Z AD - Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20211125 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Physiol JT - Frontiers in physiology JID - 101549006 PMC - PMC8660583 OTO - NOTNLM OT - brain aging OT - cognitive functions OT - extracellular microenvironment OT - metabolic homeostasis OT - neuroinflammation COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2021/12/14 06:01 PMCR- 2021/11/25 CRDT- 2021/12/13 17:54 PHST- 2021/05/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/10/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/13 17:54 [entrez] PHST- 2021/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/12/14 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/11/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fphys.2021.715443 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Physiol. 2021 Nov 25;12:715443. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715443. eCollection 2021.