PMID- 34921070
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220222
LR  - 20220531
IS  - 2044-6055 (Electronic)
IS  - 2044-6055 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 12
DP  - 2021 Dec 17
TI  - Adaptation of the Texas Christian University Organisational Readiness for Change 
      Short Form (TCU-ORC-SF) for use in primary health facilities in South Africa.
PG  - e047320
LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047320 [doi]
LID - e047320
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The Texas Christian University Organisational Readiness for Change 
      Scale (TCU-ORC) assesses factors influencing adoption of evidence-based 
      practices. It has not been validated in low-income and middle-income countries 
      (LMIC). This study assessed its psychometric properties in a South African 
      setting with the aim of adapting it into a shorter measure. METHODS: This study 
      was conducted in 24 South African primary healthcare clinics in the Western Cape 
      Province. The TCU-ORC and two other measures, the Organisational Readiness to 
      Change Assessment (ORCA) and the Checklist for Assessing Readiness for 
      Implementation (CARI) were administered. The questionnaire was readministered 
      after 2 weeks to obtain data on test-retest reliability. Three hundred and 
      ninety-five surveys were completed: 281 participants completed the first survey, 
      and 118 recompleted the assessments. RESULTS: We used exploratory factor analysis 
      (EFA) to identify latent dimensions represented in the data. Cronbach's alpha for 
      each subscale was assessed and we examined the extent to which the subscales and 
      total scale scores for the first and retest surveys correlated. Convergent 
      validity was assessed by the correlation coefficient between the TCU-ORC, ORCA 
      and CARI total scale scores. EFA resulted in a three-factor solution. The three 
      subscales proposed are Clinic Organisational Climate (8 items), Motivational 
      Readiness for Change (13 items) and Individual Change Efficacy (5 items) (26 
      items total). Cronbach's alpha for each subscale was >0.80. The overall shortened 
      scale had a test-retest correlation of r=0.80, p<0.01, acceptable convergent 
      validity with the ORCA scale (r=0.56, p<0.05), moderate convergence with the CARI 
      (r=39, p<0.05) and strong correlation with the original scale (r=0.79, p<0.05). 
      CONCLUSIONS: This study presents the first psychometric data on the TCU-ORC from 
      an LMIC. The proposed shortened tool may be more feasible for use in LMICs. TRIAL 
      REGISTRATION NUMBER: Results stage. Project MIND trial. Pan-African Clinical 
      Trials Registry. PACTR201610001825405.
CI  - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published 
      by BMJ.
FAU - Brooke-Sumner, Carrie
AU  - Brooke-Sumner C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9489-8717
AD  - Alcohol Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research 
      Council, Tygerberg, South Africa carrie.brooke-sumner@mrc.ac.za.
AD  - Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and 
      Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
FAU - Petersen-Williams, Petal
AU  - Petersen-Williams P
AD  - Alcohol Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research 
      Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.
AD  - Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, 
      University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
FAU - Wagener, Emma
AU  - Wagener E
AD  - Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape 
      Town, South Africa.
FAU - Sorsdahl, Katherine
AU  - Sorsdahl K
AD  - Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and 
      Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
FAU - Aarons, Gregory A
AU  - Aarons GA
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, 
      California, USA.
AD  - Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, San Diego, California, USA.
FAU - Myers, Bronwyn
AU  - Myers B
AD  - Alcohol Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research 
      Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.
AD  - Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, 
      University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
LA  - eng
GR  - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
GR  - MR/M014290/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20211217
PL  - England
TA  - BMJ Open
JT  - BMJ open
JID - 101552874
SB  - IM
MH  - *Health Facilities
MH  - Humans
MH  - Psychometrics
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - South Africa
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Texas
MH  - *Universities
PMC - PMC8689126
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - change management
OT  - organisational development
OT  - primary care
COIS- Competing interests: None declared.
EDAT- 2021/12/19 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/23 06:00
PMCR- 2021/12/17
CRDT- 2021/12/18 05:34
PHST- 2021/12/18 05:34 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/12/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/12/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - bmjopen-2020-047320 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047320 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMJ Open. 2021 Dec 17;11(12):e047320. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047320.