PMID- 34931503 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220204 LR - 20220208 IS - 1976-555X (Electronic) IS - 1229-845X (Print) IS - 1229-845X (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan TI - Transcriptome profiling identifies immune response genes against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Haemophilus parasuis co-infection in the lungs of piglets. PG - e2 LID - 10.4142/jvs.21139 [doi] LID - e2 AB - BACKGROUND: Co-infections of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and the Haemophilus parasuis (HPS) are severe in Chinese pigs, but the immune response genes against co-infected with 2 pathogens in the lungs have not been reported. OBJECTIVES: To understand the effect of PRRSV and/or HPS infection on the genes expression associated with lung immune function. METHODS: The expression of the immune-related genes was analyzed using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected and identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting assays. RESULTS: All experimental pigs showed clinical symptoms and lung lesions. RNA-seq analysis showed that 922 DEGs in co-challenged pigs were more than in the HPS group (709 DEGs) and the PRRSV group (676 DEGs). Eleven DEGs validated by qRT-PCR were consistent with the RNA sequencing results. Eleven common Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways related to infection and immune were found in single-infected and co-challenged pigs, including autophagy, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and antigen processing and presentation, involving different DEGs. A model of immune response to infection with PRRSV and HPS was predicted among the DEGs in the co-challenged pigs. Dual oxidase 1 (DUOX1) and interleukin-21 (IL21) were detected by IHC and western blot and showed significant differences between the co-challenged pigs and the controls. CONCLUSIONS: These findings elucidated the transcriptome changes in the lungs after PRRSV and/or HPS infections, providing ideas for further study to inhibit ROS production and promote pulmonary fibrosis caused by co-challenging with PRRSV and HPS. CI - (c) 2022 The Korean Society of Veterinary Science. FAU - Zhang, Jing AU - Zhang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7281-0219 AD - Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Major Epidemic Disease Monitoring and Prevention, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China. FAU - Wang, Jing AU - Wang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8884-3277 AD - Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Major Epidemic Disease Monitoring and Prevention, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China. FAU - Zhang, Xiong AU - Zhang X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5970-4614 AD - Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Major Epidemic Disease Monitoring and Prevention, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China. FAU - Zhao, Chunping AU - Zhao C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1042-1138 AD - Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Major Epidemic Disease Monitoring and Prevention, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China. FAU - Zhou, Sixuan AU - Zhou S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2589-136X AD - Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Major Epidemic Disease Monitoring and Prevention, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China. FAU - Du, Chunlin AU - Du C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3807-6508 AD - Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Major Epidemic Disease Monitoring and Prevention, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China. FAU - Tan, Ya AU - Tan Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2128-2396 AD - Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Major Epidemic Disease Monitoring and Prevention, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China. AD - College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China. FAU - Zhang, Yu AU - Zhang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0135-392X AD - College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550002, China. FAU - Shi, Kaizhi AU - Shi K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7255-7180 AD - Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Major Epidemic Disease Monitoring and Prevention, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China. nkyxms6462@163.com. LA - eng GR - [2018]92/Youth Fund of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science/China GR - SKLVEB2019KFKT015/State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/China GR - QKHFQ [2018]4007/Guizhou Science and Technology Department/China GR - QKHZC [2018]2280/Guizhou Science and Technology Department/China PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211116 PL - Korea (South) TA - J Vet Sci JT - Journal of veterinary science JID - 100964185 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Coinfection/veterinary MH - Gene Expression Profiling/veterinary MH - *Haemophilus Infections/genetics/immunology/veterinary MH - Haemophilus parasuis MH - Immunity MH - Lung/microbiology/virology MH - *Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/genetics/immunology MH - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus MH - Swine PMC - PMC8799943 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Haemophilus parasuis OT - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus OT - RNA sequencing OT - co-infection OT - immune response COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2021/12/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/05 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/01 CRDT- 2021/12/21 07:06 PHST- 2021/05/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/10/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/12/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/21 07:06 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 23.e2 [pii] AID - 10.4142/jvs.21139 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Vet Sci. 2022 Jan;23(1):e2. doi: 10.4142/jvs.21139. Epub 2021 Nov 16.