PMID- 34960807
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220214
LR  - 20220214
IS  - 1999-4915 (Electronic)
IS  - 1999-4915 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 12
DP  - 2021 Dec 17
TI  - Dynamics of the Enteric Virome in a Swine Herd Affected by Non-PCV2/PRRSV 
      Postweaning Wasting Syndrome.
LID - 10.3390/v13122538 [doi]
LID - 2538
AB  - A commercial pig farm with no history of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) or porcine 
      reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) repeatedly reported a 
      significant reduction in body weight gain and wasting symptoms in approximately 
      20-30% of the pigs in the period between three and six weeks after weaning. As 
      standard clinical interventions failed to tackle symptomatology, viral 
      metagenomics were used to describe and monitor the enteric virome at birth, 3 
      weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 9 weeks of age. The latter four sampling points were 
      7 days, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks post weaning, respectively. Fourteen distinct 
      enteric viruses were identified within the herd, which all have previously been 
      linked to enteric diseases. Here we show that wasting is associated with 
      alterations in the enteric virome of the pigs, characterized by: (1) the presence 
      of enterovirus G at 3 weeks of age, followed by a higher prevalence of the virus 
      in wasting pigs at 6 weeks after weaning; (2) rotaviruses at 3 weeks of age; and 
      (3) porcine sapovirus one week after weaning. However, the data do not provide a 
      causal link between specific viral infections and the postweaning clinical 
      problems on the farm. Together, our results offer evidence that disturbances in 
      the enteric virome at the preweaning stage and early after weaning have a 
      determining role in the development of intestinal barrier dysfunctions and 
      nutrient uptake in the postweaning growth phase. Moreover, we show that the 
      enteric viral load sharply increases in the week after weaning in both healthy 
      and wasting pigs. This study is also the first to report the dynamics and 
      co-infection of porcine rotavirus species and porcine astrovirus genetic lineages 
      during the first 9 weeks of the life of domestic pigs.
FAU - Folgueiras-Gonzalez, Alba
AU  - Folgueiras-Gonzalez A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7688-6288
AD  - Department Discovery & Technology, MSD Animal Health, Wim de Korverstraat 35, 
      P.O. Box 31, 5830 AA Boxmeer, The Netherlands.
AD  - Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, 
      Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ 
      Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - van den Braak, Robin
AU  - van den Braak R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7492-0614
AD  - Department Discovery & Technology, MSD Animal Health, Wim de Korverstraat 35, 
      P.O. Box 31, 5830 AA Boxmeer, The Netherlands.
FAU - Deijs, Martin
AU  - Deijs M
AD  - Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, 
      Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ 
      Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Kuller, Wikke
AU  - Kuller W
AD  - ULP-Farm Animal Practice, Reijerscopse Overgang 1, 3481 LZ Harmelen, The 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Sietsma, Steven
AU  - Sietsma S
AD  - ULP-Farm Animal Practice, Reijerscopse Overgang 1, 3481 LZ Harmelen, The 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Thuring, Valentijn
AU  - Thuring V
AD  - Pig Veterinary Practice Varkensartsen Nederland, Markgraven Dierenartsen, 
      Almeloseweg 169, 7615 NA Harbrinkhoek, The Netherlands.
FAU - van der Hoek, Lia
AU  - van der Hoek L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2803-642X
AD  - Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, 
      Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ 
      Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - de Groof, Ad
AU  - de Groof A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4129-4354
AD  - Department Discovery & Technology, MSD Animal Health, Wim de Korverstraat 35, 
      P.O. Box 31, 5830 AA Boxmeer, The Netherlands.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20211217
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Viruses
JT  - Viruses
JID - 101509722
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Astroviridae/isolation & purification
MH  - Enteroviruses, Porcine/*isolation & purification
MH  - Female
MH  - Intestines/*virology
MH  - Male
MH  - Metagenomics
MH  - Rotavirus/*isolation & purification
MH  - Sapovirus/*isolation & purification
MH  - Swine
MH  - Swine Diseases/*virology
MH  - Virome/*physiology
MH  - Wasting Syndrome/*veterinary/virology
MH  - Weaning
PMC - PMC8705478
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PCV2
OT  - PRRSV
OT  - VIDISCA-NGS
OT  - astrovirus
OT  - enterovirus G
OT  - failure to thrive syndrome (PFTS)
OT  - metagenomics
OT  - postweaning
OT  - rotavirus
OT  - sapovirus
OT  - swine
OT  - virome
OT  - wasting
COIS- The authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: A.F.G., 
      R.v.d.B. and A.d.G. are employed at MSD Animal Health, a commercial company.
EDAT- 2021/12/29 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/15 06:00
PMCR- 2021/12/17
CRDT- 2021/12/28 01:08
PHST- 2021/10/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/12/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/12/28 01:08 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/12/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/12/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v13122538 [pii]
AID - viruses-13-02538 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/v13122538 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Viruses. 2021 Dec 17;13(12):2538. doi: 10.3390/v13122538.