PMID- 34971903
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220131
LR  - 20220131
IS  - 1879-2456 (Electronic)
IS  - 0956-053X (Linking)
VI  - 139
DP  - 2022 Feb 15
TI  - Assessing data in the informal e-waste sector: The Agbogbloshie Scrapyard.
PG  - 158-167
LID - S0956-053X(21)00671-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.12.026 [doi]
AB  - The Old-Fadama-Scrapyard, better known as Agbogbloshie, is located in Accra, 
      Ghana. Over the last 20 years, the area has developed into a large scrapyard, 
      where the informal sector processes mainly electronic waste (e-waste) and scrap 
      metals. However, unsafe treatment methods, such as the open burning of cables and 
      foams, and the spilling of hazardous liquids onto the ground, cause environmental 
      pollution and create health risks by releasing persistent organic pollutants 
      (POPs) and heavy metals. There is a recognized lack in literature of data on 
      e-waste mass and material flows due to the lack of applicable methods to measure 
      e-waste quantities in an informally managed treatment system. However, to 
      establish sustainable e-waste management, e-waste mass and material flow data are 
      crucial prerequisites. Therefore, the material flow analysis (MFA) methodology is 
      proposed as a means for data collection within a limited time frame in the 
      informal e-waste recycling context. In this case study, mass and material flows 
      of e-waste processed at Agbogbloshie were estimated using two different 
      approaches: Firstly, the kind, measures, constitution of load and number of 
      loaded entering and exiting vehicles was observed and documented, and second, to 
      validate the data collected, the mass and material flow of e-waste treatment 
      processes on site were observed and documented. The resulting annual mass flows 
      range between 13,090 t/a and 17,094 t/a of e-waste. Based on the data for Ghana 
      from the Global E-waste Monitor, an average of 15,092 t/a (approximately 39% of 
      the Ghanaian e-waste generation) is treated in Agbogbloshie.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Owusu-Sekyere, Karoline
AU  - Owusu-Sekyere K
AD  - University of Stuttgart, Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and 
      Solid Waste Management, Bandtale 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: 
      Karoline.Owusu-Sekyere@iswa.uni-stuttgart.de.
FAU - Batteiger, Alexander
AU  - Batteiger A
AD  - GIZ E-Waste Programme Office Accra, P.O. Box KA 9698, 7 Volta Street, Accra, 
      Ghana.
FAU - Afoblikame, Richard
AU  - Afoblikame R
AD  - GIZ E-Waste Programme Office Accra, P.O. Box KA 9698, 7 Volta Street, Accra, 
      Ghana.
FAU - Hafner, Gerold
AU  - Hafner G
AD  - University of Stuttgart, Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and 
      Solid Waste Management, Bandtale 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
FAU - Kranert, Martin
AU  - Kranert M
AD  - University of Stuttgart, Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and 
      Solid Waste Management, Bandtale 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211228
PL  - United States
TA  - Waste Manag
JT  - Waste management (New York, N.Y.)
JID - 9884362
RN  - 0 (Metals, Heavy)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Electronic Waste
MH  - Ghana
MH  - Informal Sector
MH  - *Metals, Heavy/analysis
MH  - Recycling
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Data assessment
OT  - E-Waste
OT  - Informal sector
OT  - Informal waste management
OT  - Material flow analysis
OT  - Participant observation
EDAT- 2022/01/01 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/01 06:00
CRDT- 2021/12/31 20:16
PHST- 2021/05/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/12/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/12/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/01/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/12/31 20:16 [entrez]
AID - S0956-053X(21)00671-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.12.026 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Waste Manag. 2022 Feb 15;139:158-167. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.12.026. Epub 
      2021 Dec 28.