PMID- 34974446
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220419
LR  - 20220419
IS  - 1878-3627 (Electronic)
IS  - 0922-6028 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 6
DP  - 2021
TI  - Combined transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and robot-assisted arm training 
      in patients with stroke: a systematic review.
PG  - 435-446
LID - 10.3233/RNN-211218 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Upper limb motor deficits in patients with severe stroke often remain 
      unresolved over time. Combining transcranial Direct Current Stimulation with 
      robotic therapy is an innovative neurorehabilitation approach that holds promise 
      to improve upper limb impairment after stroke. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the 
      effects of robotic training in combination with transcranial Direct Current 
      Stimulation for treating poststroke upper limb impairment. METHODS: PubMed, 
      MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE electronic databases were searched using 
      keywords, MeSH terms, and strings: "Stroke"[MeSH] AND ("Upper Extremity"[MeSH] OR 
      "upper limb") AND ("Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation" [MeSH] OR "tDCS") 
      AND ("robotics" OR "robotic therapy"). Full-text articles published in English up 
      to October 2020 were included. Each was rated for quality according to the 
      Physiotherapy Database (PEDro) score: eight out of eleven scored more than 8 
      points; their results were considered reliable for this review. RESULTS: Of the 
      total of 171 publications retrieved, 11 met the inclusion criteria. The results 
      of studies that examined the same outcome measures were pooled to draw 
      conclusions on the effectiveness of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and 
      robot-assisted training in corticomotor excitability, upper limb kinematics, 
      muscle strength and tone, function, disability, and quality of life after stroke. 
      CONCLUSIONS: To date, there is insufficient evidence to support the hypothesis 
      that transcranial Direct Current Stimulation enhances the effects of 
      robot-assisted arm training in poststroke patients. Further studies with more 
      accurate, comparable and standardized methodology are needed in order to better 
      define the effects of robotic training in combination with transcranial Direct 
      Current Stimulation on poststroke upper limb impairment. Therefore, given the 
      scarce resources available to rehabilitation researches, other, more promising 
      approaches should be given attention.
FAU - Fonte, Cristina
AU  - Fonte C
AD  - Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and 
      Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement 
      Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
AD  - Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Varalta, Valentina
AU  - Varalta V
AD  - Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and 
      Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement 
      Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
AD  - Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Rocco, Arianna
AU  - Rocco A
AD  - Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and 
      Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement 
      Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Munari, Daniele
AU  - Munari D
AD  - Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and 
      Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement 
      Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Filippetti, Mirko
AU  - Filippetti M
AD  - Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and 
      Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement 
      Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Evangelista, Elisa
AU  - Evangelista E
AD  - Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and 
      Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement 
      Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Modenese, Angela
AU  - Modenese A
AD  - Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Smania, Nicola
AU  - Smania N
AD  - Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and 
      Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement 
      Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
AD  - Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
FAU - Picelli, Alessandro
AU  - Picelli A
AD  - Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and 
      Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement 
      Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
AD  - Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
AD  - Canadian Advances in Neuro-Orthopedics for Spasticity Congress (CANOSC), 
      Kingston, ON, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Systematic Review
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Restor Neurol Neurosci
JT  - Restorative neurology and neuroscience
JID - 9005499
SB  - IM
MH  - Arm
MH  - Humans
MH  - Quality of Life
MH  - Recovery of Function
MH  - *Robotics
MH  - *Stroke/complications/therapy
MH  - *Stroke Rehabilitation/methods
MH  - *Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation/methods
MH  - Upper Extremity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Brain stimulation
OT  - recovery of function
OT  - rehabilitation
OT  - robotics
EDAT- 2022/01/03 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/20 06:00
CRDT- 2022/01/02 20:38
PHST- 2022/01/02 20:38 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/01/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - RNN211218 [pii]
AID - 10.3233/RNN-211218 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2021;39(6):435-446. doi: 10.3233/RNN-211218.