PMID- 34983456
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220314
LR  - 20240405
IS  - 1471-2431 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2431 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Jan 4
TI  - Adaptation of the INTERGROWTH-21st neurodevelopment assessment (INTER-NDA) to the 
      context of the English-speaking Caribbean.
PG  - 21
LID - 10.1186/s12887-021-03039-7 [doi]
LID - 21
AB  - BACKGROUND: Adaptation of standardized early child development (ECD) assessments 
      to low- and middle-income countries can be challenging because of 
      culture-specific factors relating to language, content, context, and tool 
      administration, and because the reliance of these tests on specialist healthcare 
      professionals limits their scalability in low resource settings. METHODS: We 
      report the cross-cultural adaptation of an international, standardized ECD 
      instrument, the INTERGROWTH-21st Project Neurodevelopment Assessment (INTER-NDA), 
      measuring cognitive, language, motor and behavioural outcomes in 2-year-olds, 
      from a UK-based English-speaking population to the English-speaking Caribbean. 
      Children aged 22-30 months were recruited from a pre-existing randomized 
      controlled neurodevelopment intervention study in Grenada, West Indies. RESULTS: 
      Eight of 37 INTER-NDA items (22%) were culturally and linguistically adapted for 
      implementation in the Caribbean context. Protocol adherence across seven 
      newly-trained non-specialist child development assessors was 89.9%; six of the 
      seven assessors scored >/=80%. Agreement between the expert assessor and the 
      non-specialist child development assessors was substantial (kappa = 0.89 to 1.00 (95% 
      CI [0.58, 1.00]). The inter-rater and test-retest reliability for non-specialist 
      child development assessors was between kappa = 0.99 -1.00 (95% CI [0.98, 0.99]) and 
      kappa = 0.76 - 1.00 (95% CI [0.33, 1.00]) across all INTER-NDA domains. CONCLUSIONS: 
      The current study provides evidence to support the use of the adapted INTER-NDA 
      by trained, non-specialist assessors to measure ECD prevalence in the 
      English-speaking Caribbean. It also provides a methodological template for the 
      adaptation of child developmental measures to cultural and linguistic contexts 
      that conform to the cultural standards of the countries in which they are 
      utilized to aid in the measurement of neurodevelopmental impairments (NDIs) in a 
      variety of global clinical settings.
CI  - (c) 2021. The Author(s).
FAU - Waechter, Randall
AU  - Waechter R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3872-4245
AD  - School of Medicine, St. George's University, True Blue, Grenada, West Indies.
AD  - The Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
FAU - Evans, Roberta
AU  - Evans R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8310-7721
AD  - The Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
FAU - Hanna, Sean
AU  - Hanna S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0086-9641
AD  - School of Medicine, St. George's University, True Blue, Grenada, West Indies. 
      shanna1@sgu.edu.
FAU - Murray, Toni
AU  - Murray T
AD  - The Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
FAU - Mobley, Cassandra
AU  - Mobley C
AD  - The Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
FAU - Holmes, Stephanie
AU  - Holmes S
AD  - The Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
FAU - Isaac, Rashida
AU  - Isaac R
AD  - The Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
FAU - Wolfe, Rebeca
AU  - Wolfe R
AD  - The Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
FAU - Andrew, Elbernezer
AU  - Andrew E
AD  - The Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
FAU - Landon, Barbara
AU  - Landon B
AD  - The Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
AD  - Psychological Services Center, St. George's University, True Blue, Grenada, West 
      Indies.
FAU - Fernandes, Michelle
AU  - Fernandes M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0051-3389
AD  - National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre & Faculty of 
      Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
AD  - Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, John Radcliffe Hospital, 
      University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
LA  - eng
GR  - MR/V029169/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220104
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Pediatr
JT  - BMC pediatrics
JID - 100967804
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Development
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Ethnicity
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - *Language
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - West Indies
PMC - PMC8728897
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Assessment translation
OT  - Child assessment
OT  - Early childhood development
OT  - INTER-NDA
OT  - Neurodevelopmental assessment
COIS- None of the authors have a conflict of interest to declare. 
EDAT- 2022/01/06 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/15 06:00
PMCR- 2022/01/04
CRDT- 2022/01/05 05:36
PHST- 2021/05/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/11/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/01/05 05:36 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/01/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12887-021-03039-7 [pii]
AID - 3039 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12887-021-03039-7 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Pediatr. 2022 Jan 4;22(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-03039-7.