PMID- 34987521
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220225
LR  - 20220225
IS  - 1664-3224 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-3224 (Linking)
VI  - 12
DP  - 2021
TI  - Increased Platelet-CD4(+) T Cell Aggregates Are Correlated With HIV-1 
      Permissiveness and CD4(+) T Cell Loss.
PG  - 799124
LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799124 [doi]
LID - 799124
AB  - Chronic HIV-1 infection is associated with persistent inflammation, which 
      contributes to disease progression. Platelet-T cell aggregates play a critical 
      role in maintaining inflammation. However, the phenotypic characteristics and 
      clinical significance of platelet-CD4(+) T cell aggregates remain unclear in 
      different HIV-infected populations. In this study, we quantified and 
      characterized platelet-CD4(+) T cell aggregates in the peripheral blood of 
      treatment-naive HIV-1-infected individuals (TNs), immunological responders to 
      antiretroviral therapy (IRs), immunological non-responders to antiretroviral 
      therapy (INRs), and healthy controls (HCs). Flow cytometry analysis and 
      immunofluorescence microscopy showed increased platelet-CD4 (+) T cell aggregate 
      formation in TNs compared to HCs during HIV-1 infection. However, the frequencies 
      of platelet-CD4 (+) T cell aggregates decreased in IRs compared to TNs, but not 
      in INRs, which have shown severe immunological dysfunction. Platelet-CD4 (+) T 
      cell aggregate frequencies were positively correlated with HIV-1 viral load but 
      negatively correlated with CD4 (+) T cell counts and CD4/CD8 ratios. Furthermore, 
      we observed a higher expression of CD45RO, HIV co-receptors, HIV 
      activation/exhaustion markers in platelet-CD4 (+) T cell aggregates, which was 
      associated with HIV-1 permissiveness. High levels of caspase-1 and caspase-3, and 
      low levels of Bcl-2 in platelet-CD4(+) T cell aggregates imply the potential role 
      in CD4(+) T cell loss during HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, platelet-CD4 (+) T 
      cell aggregates contained more HIV-1 gag viral protein and HIV-1 DNA than their 
      platelet-free CD4 (+) T cell counterparts. The platelet-CD4 (+) T cell aggregate 
      levels were positively correlated with plasma sCD163 and sCD14 levels. Our 
      findings demonstrate that platelet-CD4 (+) T cell aggregate formation has typical 
      characteristics of HIV-1 permissiveness and is related to immune activation 
      during HIV-1 infection.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Dai, Wu, Cui, Liao, Jiao, Zhang, Song, Fan, Zhang, He and Wang.
FAU - Dai, Xiao-Peng
AU  - Dai XP
AD  - Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Beijing, 
      China.
AD  - Noncommissioned Officer School, Army Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
FAU - Wu, Feng-Ying
AU  - Wu FY
AD  - Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Beijing, 
      China.
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese 
      Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
FAU - Cui, Cheng
AU  - Cui C
AD  - Noncommissioned Officer School, Army Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
FAU - Liao, Xue-Jiao
AU  - Liao XJ
AD  - The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, School of Medicine, Southern University 
      of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
FAU - Jiao, Yan-Mei
AU  - Jiao YM
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Centre of Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research 
      Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
FAU - Zhang, Chao
AU  - Zhang C
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Centre of Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research 
      Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
FAU - Song, Jin-Wen
AU  - Song JW
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Centre of Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research 
      Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
FAU - Fan, Xing
AU  - Fan X
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Centre of Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research 
      Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
FAU - Zhang, Ji-Yuan
AU  - Zhang JY
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Centre of Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research 
      Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
FAU - He, Qing
AU  - He Q
AD  - The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, School of Medicine, Southern University 
      of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
FAU - Wang, Fu-Sheng
AU  - Wang FS
AD  - Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Beijing, 
      China.
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Centre of Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research 
      Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20211220
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Immunol
JT  - Frontiers in immunology
JID - 101560960
RN  - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Viral)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers, Pharmacological)
RN  - 0 (Gene Products, gag)
RN  - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.36 (Caspase 1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Antigens, Viral/immunology
MH  - Biomarkers, Pharmacological
MH  - Blood Platelets/*immunology
MH  - CD4 Lymphocyte Count
MH  - CD4-CD8 Ratio
MH  - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
MH  - Caspase 1/metabolism
MH  - Cell Adhesion
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Products, gag/immunology
MH  - HIV Infections/drug therapy/*immunology
MH  - HIV-1/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/*immunology
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Platelet Aggregation
MH  - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
MH  - Viral Load
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC8720770
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HIV-1
OT  - T cell loss
OT  - infection
OT  - permissiveness
OT  - platelet-CD4+ T cell aggregates
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/01/07 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/26 06:00
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2022/01/06 05:53
PHST- 2021/10/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/12/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/01/06 05:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/01/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799124 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Immunol. 2021 Dec 20;12:799124. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799124. eCollection 
      2021.