PMID- 34993189
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220108
IS  - 2296-4185 (Print)
IS  - 2296-4185 (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-4185 (Linking)
VI  - 9
DP  - 2021
TI  - Establishment of an Ex Vivo Inflammatory Osteoarthritis Model With Human 
      Osteochondral Explants.
PG  - 787020
LID - 10.3389/fbioe.2021.787020 [doi]
LID - 787020
AB  - Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease without clear 
      pathophysiological mechanism and effective drugs for treatment. Although various 
      animal models exist, the translation of the outcome into clinics remains 
      difficult due to species differences. In this study, an ex vivo inflammatory OA 
      model was induced using different concentrations of interleukin one beta (IL-1beta) 
      and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on explants from the human femoral head. In 
      the inflammatory OA groups, the gene expression levels of cartilage catabolism 
      (matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3)), and 
      inflammation (interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8)) markers were 
      significantly upregulated, while the anabolic genes (collagen 2 (COL2), aggrecan 
      (ACAN), and proteoglycan 4 (PRG4)) were downregulated compared to the control 
      group. The release of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8) and nitric oxide (NO) in the 
      conditioned medium was also upregulated in inflammatory OA groups. The Safranin 
      O/Fast Green staining showed loss of proteoglycan in the superficial zone 
      cartilage after cytokine treatment. The results indicated that an ex vivo 
      inflammation and degeneration model was successfully established using 
      osteochondral explants from the human femoral head. This model can be used to 
      elucidate the in-depth mechanism of inflammatory OA and to screen new drugs for 
      OA treatment.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Li, Zhang, Zhu, Alini, Grad and Li.
FAU - Li, Kaihu
AU  - Li K
AD  - Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
AD  - AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
FAU - Zhang, Penghui
AU  - Zhang P
AD  - AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
AD  - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Shenzhen, China.
FAU - Zhu, Yong
AU  - Zhu Y
AD  - Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Alini, Mauro
AU  - Alini M
AD  - AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
FAU - Grad, Sibylle
AU  - Grad S
AD  - AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
FAU - Li, Zhen
AU  - Li Z
AD  - AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211221
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Bioeng Biotechnol
JT  - Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
JID - 101632513
PMC - PMC8724558
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ex vivo
OT  - human
OT  - inflammation
OT  - model
OT  - osteoarthritis
OT  - osteochondral explant
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/01/08 06:00
MHDA- 2022/01/08 06:01
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2022/01/07 06:28
PHST- 2021/09/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/11/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/01/07 06:28 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/01/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/01/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 787020 [pii]
AID - 10.3389/fbioe.2021.787020 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021 Dec 21;9:787020. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.787020. 
      eCollection 2021.