PMID- 34996484 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220318 LR - 20220318 IS - 1476-511X (Electronic) IS - 1476-511X (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Jan 7 TI - Roles of plasma leptin and resistin in novel subgroups of type 2 diabetes driven by cluster analysis. PG - 7 LID - 10.1186/s12944-022-01623-z [doi] LID - 7 AB - BACKGROUND: A novel classification has been introduced to promote precision medicine in diabetes. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between leptin and resistin levels with novel refined subgroups in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: The k-means analysis was conducted to cluster 541 T2DM patients into the following four subgroups: mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD), severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) and mild age-related diabetes (MARD). Individuals meeting the exclusion criteria were eliminated, the data for 285 patients were analyzed. Characteristics were determined using various clinical parameters. Both the leptin and resistin levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The highest levels of plasma leptin were in the MOD group with relatively lower levels in the SIDD and SIRD groups (P < 0.001). The SIRD group had a higher resistin concentration than the MARD group (P = 0.024) while no statistical significance in resistin levels was found between the SIDD and MOD groups. Logistic regression demonstrated that plasma resistin was associated with a higher risk of diabetic nephropathy (odds ratios (OR) = 2.255, P = 0.001). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the area under the curve (AUC) of resistin (0.748, 95% CI 0.610-0.887) was significantly greater than that of HOMA2-IR (0.447, 95% CI 0.280-0.614) (P < 0.05) for diabetic nephropathy in the SIRD group. CONCLUSIONS: Leptin levels were different in four subgroups of T2DM and were highest in the MOD group. Resistin was elevated in the SIRD group and was closely related to diabetic nephropathy. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Peng, Xuemin AU - Peng X AD - Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, TaiKang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. FAU - Huang, Jiaojiao AU - Huang J AD - Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, TaiKang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. FAU - Zou, Huajie AU - Zou H AD - Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, TaiKang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. FAU - Peng, Bei AU - Peng B AD - Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China. FAU - Xia, Sanshan AU - Xia S AD - Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, TaiKang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. FAU - Dong, Kun AU - Dong K AD - Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, TaiKang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. FAU - Sun, Nan AU - Sun N AD - Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, TaiKang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. FAU - Tao, Jing AU - Tao J AD - Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. AD - Department of Endocrinology, TaiKang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. FAU - Yang, Yan AU - Yang Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8146-8040 AD - Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. yangyan6910@163.com. AD - Department of Endocrinology, TaiKang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. yangyan6910@163.com. LA - eng GR - 81670754/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 81974114/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220107 PL - England TA - Lipids Health Dis JT - Lipids in health and disease JID - 101147696 RN - 0 (Insulin) RN - 0 (LEP protein, human) RN - 0 (Leptin) RN - 0 (RETN protein, human) RN - 0 (Resistin) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Cluster Analysis MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*blood/classification MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MH - Humans MH - Insulin/blood/deficiency MH - Insulin Resistance MH - Leptin/*blood MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Obesity/blood/complications MH - Resistin/*blood PMC - PMC8742314 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cluster analysis OT - Leptin OT - Novel subgroups OT - Resistin OT - Type 2 diabetes mellitus COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/01/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/19 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/07 CRDT- 2022/01/08 05:34 PHST- 2021/10/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/08 05:34 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12944-022-01623-z [pii] AID - 1623 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12944-022-01623-z [doi] PST - epublish SO - Lipids Health Dis. 2022 Jan 7;21(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12944-022-01623-z.