PMID- 35016548
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220328
LR  - 20220401
IS  - 2376-1032 (Electronic)
IS  - 2376-0540 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 4
DP  - 2022 Apr
TI  - Cardiorenal disease in the United States: Future health care burden and potential 
      impact of novel therapies.
PG  - 415-424
LID - 10.18553/jmcp.2022.21385 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Currently, concerted efforts to identify, prevent, and treat type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM), heart failure (HF), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) 
      comorbidities are lacking at the institutional level, with emphasis placed on 
      individual specialties. An integrated approach to tackle T2DM, HF, and CKD within 
      the context of cardiorenal disease has the potential to improve outcomes and 
      reduce costs at the system level. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize published evidence 
      describing the burden of those diagnosed with T2DM, HF, and CKD in the United 
      States as individual discrete chronic conditions, in order to evaluate the 
      potential economic impact of novel therapies in this population. METHODS: We 
      developed a compartmental Markov model with an annual time cycle to model an 
      evolving prevalent US patient population with T2DM, HF, or CKD over the period 
      2021-2030 (either in isolation or combined). The model was used to explore the 
      potential impact of novel therapies such as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 
      inhibitors on future disease burden, by extrapolating the results of relevant 
      clinical trials to representative patient populations. RESULTS: The model 
      estimates that total prevalence across all disease states will have increased by 
      28% in 2030. Cumulatively, the direct health care cost of cardiorenal disease 
      between 2021 and 2030 is estimated at $4.8 trillion. However, treatment with 
      dapagliflozin has the potential to reduce disease prevalence by 8.0% and 
      estimated cumulative service delivery costs by 3.6% by 2030. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Considering a holistic approach when managing patients with cardiorenal disease 
      offers an opportunity to reduce the disease burden over the next 10 years in the 
      US population. DISCLOSURES: This work was funded by AstraZeneca, which provided 
      support for data analysis. McEwan, Morgan, and Boyce are employees of Health 
      Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd., Cardiff, UK, which received fees from 
      AstraZeneca in relation to this study. Song and Huang are employees of 
      AstraZeneca. Bergenheim is an employee of AstraZeneca and holds AstraZeneca 
      stocks/stock options. Green has no conflicts of interest to declare.
FAU - McEwan, Phil
AU  - McEwan P
AD  - Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
FAU - Morgan, Angharad R
AU  - Morgan AR
AD  - Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
FAU - Boyce, Rebecca
AU  - Boyce R
AD  - Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
FAU - Green, Natalie
AU  - Green N
AD  - Huron Consulting Group, London, United Kingdom.
FAU - Song, Bruce
AU  - Song B
AD  - Global Pricing and Market Access, AstraZeneca, Hockessin, DE.
FAU - Huang, Joanna
AU  - Huang J
AD  - Global Pricing and Market Access, AstraZeneca, Hockessin, DE.
FAU - Bergenheim, Klas
AU  - Bergenheim K
AD  - BioPharmaceuticals R & D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220112
PL  - United States
TA  - J Manag Care Spec Pharm
JT  - Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy
JID - 101644425
SB  - IM
MH  - Caregiver Burden
MH  - Cost of Illness
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy/epidemiology
MH  - Health Care Costs
MH  - *Heart Diseases
MH  - Humans
MH  - United States/epidemiology
EDAT- 2022/01/13 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/29 06:00
CRDT- 2022/01/12 05:34
PHST- 2022/01/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/12 05:34 [entrez]
AID - 10.18553/jmcp.2022.21385 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 2022 Apr;28(4):415-424. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2022.21385. 
      Epub 2022 Jan 12.