PMID- 35030059
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230420
LR  - 20230420
IS  - 1540-3602 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-8369 (Linking)
VI  - 70
IP  - 7
DP  - 2023 Jun 7
TI  - Attachment and Emotion Regulation: A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study of Iranian 
      and Dutch Gay Men.
PG  - 1348-1363
LID - 10.1080/00918369.2021.2020545 [doi]
AB  - Negative beliefs and stigmatization of all that is not heterosexual still have an 
      adverse impact on the mental health of the homosexual population in many 
      countries. The purpose of the present study was to comparatively assess how 
      sociocultural differences regarding the level of homosexuality acceptance impact 
      the adult attachment dimensions and emotion regulation strategies among three 
      groups of Iranian and Dutch gay men. A community sample of 124 gay men (40 of 
      Iranians residing in their home country, 41 of Iranians immigrated to the 
      Netherlands and 43 Dutch) participated in the study and completed Revised Adult 
      Attachment Scale (RAAS) and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). MANOVA and 
      follow-up post-hoc Tukey tests were conducted in order to analyze the data. 
      Results demonstrated a noticeable difference in both studied variables, 
      attachment dimensions (close, anxiety, and depend) and emotion regulation 
      strategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression), among the three 
      groups of participants. As the Iranian (residing in Iran) group showed the 
      greatest levels of anxiety and emotional suppression with the lowest levels of 
      close (convenience of getting intimate to others), depend (trust and depend on 
      others to be availabale when needed) and cognitive reappraisal (ability to alter 
      the emotion caused by an event, before experiencing it by reinterpreting the 
      situation), while the highest levels of depend, close and cognitive reappraisal 
      and the lowest levels of anxiety and emotional suppression were seen in the Dutch 
      group. Finally, Iranian gay immigrants came half way between. This data 
      highlights the role of cultural differences in terms of homosexuality acceptance 
      or stigmatization, in the way gay men exhibit their attachment and manage their 
      emotions either by reappraisal or suppression. Comparative cross-cultural studies 
      are possibly able to open paths to new research on psychological factors of 
      non-heterosexuals in different countries with various cultures and religions.
FAU - Jafary, Hanieh
AU  - Jafary H
AD  - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and 
      Culture, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Ashrafi, Emad
AU  - Ashrafi E
AD  - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and 
      Culture, Tehran, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220114
PL  - United States
TA  - J Homosex
JT  - Journal of homosexuality
JID - 7502386
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Cross-Cultural Comparison
MH  - *Emotional Regulation
MH  - Emotions/physiology
MH  - Iran
MH  - *Sexual and Gender Minorities
MH  - Netherlands
MH  - Homosexuality, Male/psychology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Attachment
OT  - Dutch
OT  - Iranian
OT  - cross-cultural
OT  - emotion regulation
OT  - gay men
EDAT- 2022/01/15 06:00
MHDA- 2023/04/17 06:41
CRDT- 2022/01/14 17:11
PHST- 2023/04/17 06:41 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/01/14 17:11 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/00918369.2021.2020545 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Homosex. 2023 Jun 7;70(7):1348-1363. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2021.2020545. Epub 
      2022 Jan 14.