PMID- 35030523 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220208 LR - 20220208 IS - 1090-2414 (Electronic) IS - 0147-6513 (Linking) VI - 231 DP - 2022 Feb TI - Association between urine metals and liver function biomarkers in Northeast China: A cross-sectional study. PG - 113163 LID - S0147-6513(22)00003-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113163 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: After heavy metals enter the body, they affect a variety of organs, particularly the main metabolic organ, the liver. Moreover, people are more likely to be exposed to multiple metals than to a single metal. We explored the associations between exposure to a heavy metal mixture and liver function biomarkers. METHODS: This study involved 1171 residents living in areas with or without heavy metal exposure in northeast China. Urine concentrations of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and manganese (Mn) were measured. Total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were used as biomarkers of liver function. A generalized linear model (GLM), quantile g-computation, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to explore the associations between the four metals and liver function. RESULTS: GLM analysis revealed that Cr level was negatively associated with TP (beta = - 0.57; 95% CI: - 0.89, - 0.26) and ALB (beta = - 0.27; 95% CI: - 0.47, - 0.07) levels, and Cd level was positively associated with AST (beta = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.43, 1.65) and ALT (beta = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.08, 1.79) levels. ALB (beta = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.41) and ALT (beta = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.02) levels were positively associated with urine Mn concentration. The quantile g-computation indicated that exposure to a mixture of the four metals was significantly associated with TP (beta = - 0.56; 95% CI: - 0.94, - 0.18) and ALT (beta = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.04, 1.63) levels. Among the metals, Cr had the strongest effect on TP and Cd had that on AST. The BKMR model indicated that mixed metal exposure was negatively associated with TP and ALB levels and positively associated with ALT and AST levels. CONCLUSION: Exposure to mixtures of heavy metals may influence liver function. Cr and Cd may be the largest contributors. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Zhao, Meiduo AU - Zhao M AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. FAU - Ge, Xiaoyu AU - Ge X AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. FAU - Xu, Jing AU - Xu J AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. FAU - Li, Ang AU - Li A AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. FAU - Mei, Yayuan AU - Mei Y AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. FAU - Yin, Guohuan AU - Yin G AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. FAU - Wu, Jingtao AU - Wu J AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. FAU - Liu, Xiaolin AU - Liu X AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China. FAU - Wei, Lanping AU - Wei L AD - Jinzhou Central Hospital, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China. FAU - Xu, Qun AU - Xu Q AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. Electronic address: xuqun@ibms.cams.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220111 PL - Netherlands TA - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf JT - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety JID - 7805381 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Metals, Heavy) SB - IM MH - Bayes Theorem MH - Biomarkers MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Liver MH - *Metals, Heavy OTO - NOTNLM OT - BKMR OT - Early injury OT - G-computation OT - Liver function OT - Mixed metal EDAT- 2022/01/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/09 06:00 CRDT- 2022/01/14 20:19 PHST- 2021/10/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/30 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/14 20:19 [entrez] AID - S0147-6513(22)00003-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113163 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Feb;231:113163. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113163. Epub 2022 Jan 11.