PMID- 35032783 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220208 LR - 20220902 IS - 1873-3379 (Electronic) IS - 0891-4222 (Linking) VI - 122 DP - 2022 Mar TI - Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Mullen Scales of Early Learning in Taiwanese children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Global Developmental Delay, and Typically Developing Children. PG - 104158 LID - S0891-4222(21)00307-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104158 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) is a standardized comprehensive developmental assessment tool for children aged 0-68 months. However, few Asia-based studies have explored cultural and linguistic adaptations of the MSEL or investigated its psychometric properties in populations with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). AIMS: This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the MSEL-Taiwan version (MSEL-T) for Taiwanese children with ASD, global developmental delay (GDD), and typical development (TD). METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The MSEL items were translated and modified according to the language and culture in Taiwan. In total, 191 children (ASD, 69; GDD, 36; and TD, 86) aged 19-68 months were assessed using the MSEL-T and Peabody Developmental Motor Scales 2 (PDMS-2) at enrollment, followed by the assessments of Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale-Chinese version (VABS-C) at the age of 36 months or later. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: All subscales were verified to have good interrater reliability and internal consistency, and subscale scores indicated moderate to high correlations with PDMS-2 and VABS-C scores. Significant differences in MSEL-T scores were observed between same-aged pairs of children with TD and GDD and between pairs of children with TD and ASD. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The findings provide evidence of validity and reliability of the MSEL-T. And it is suggested that the culturally and linguistically adapted MSEL-T is a good tool for the clinical assessment of children with and without ASD. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Cheong, Pou-Leng AU - Cheong PL AD - Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Hospital, No. 25, Lane 442, Sec. 1, Jingguo Rd., Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Tsai, Jung-Mei AU - Tsai JM AD - Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Wu, Yen-Tzu AU - Wu YT AD - School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1, Changde St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City, 100229, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: yenwu@ntu.edu.tw. FAU - Lu, Lu AU - Lu L AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1, Changde St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City, 100229, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Chiu, Yi-Lun AU - Chiu YL AD - Department of Social Work, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Shen, Yi-Ting AU - Shen YT AD - Department of Psychology, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Li, Yao-Jen AU - Li YJ AD - Insititute of Epidemiology and Prevention Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Tsao, Chih-Hsuan AU - Tsao CH AD - Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Wang, Yi-Chung AU - Wang YC AD - School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Chang, Fu-Mei AU - Chang FM AD - Department of Clinical Psychology, Songde Branch, Taipei City Hospital, No. 145, Zhengzhou Rd., Datong Dist., Taipei City, 10341, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Huang, Yen-Hsun AU - Huang YH AD - Being Alive Clinic, 1F., No. 6-1, Ln. 38, Sec. 2, Nangang Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City, 115028, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Clinical Psychology, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Sun, Chia-Wei AU - Sun CW AD - Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, ROC. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220112 PL - United States TA - Res Dev Disabil JT - Research in developmental disabilities JID - 8709782 SB - IM MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - *Learning MH - Psychometrics MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Taiwan OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) OT - Cultural adaptation OT - Developmental assessment OT - Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) OT - Validation EDAT- 2022/01/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/09 06:00 CRDT- 2022/01/15 20:19 PHST- 2021/03/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/12/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/15 20:19 [entrez] AID - S0891-4222(21)00307-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104158 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Res Dev Disabil. 2022 Mar;122:104158. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104158. Epub 2022 Jan 12.