PMID- 35036965
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 2666-4690 (Electronic)
IS  - 2666-4690 (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2022 Jun
TI  - UV and violet light can Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity.
PG  - 100107
LID - 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100107 [doi]
AB  - We performed an in-depth analysis of the virucidal effect of discrete 
      wavelengths: UV-C (278 nm), UV-B (308 nm), UV-A (366 nm) and violet (405 nm) on 
      SARS-CoV-2. By using a highly infectious titer of SARS-CoV-2 we observed that the 
      violet light-dose resulting in a 2-log viral inactivation is only 10(4) times 
      less efficient than UV-C light. Moreover, by qPCR (quantitative Polymerase chain 
      reaction) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach we verified that 
      the viral titer typically found in the sputum of COVID-19 patients can be 
      completely inactivated by the long UV-wavelengths corresponding to UV-A and UV-B 
      solar irradiation. The comparison of the UV action spectrum on SARS-CoV-2 to 
      previous results obtained on other pathogens suggests that RNA viruses might be 
      particularly sensitive to long UV wavelengths. Our data extend previous results 
      showing that SARS-CoV-2 is highly susceptible to UV light and offer an 
      explanation to the reduced incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection seen in the summer 
      season.
CI  - (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Biasin, Mara
AU  - Biasin M
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, 
      Milan, Italy.
FAU - Strizzi, Sergio
AU  - Strizzi S
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, 
      Milan, Italy.
FAU - Bianco, Andrea
AU  - Bianco A
AD  - Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) - Brera Astronomical 
      Observatory, Merate, Italy.
FAU - Macchi, Alberto
AU  - Macchi A
AD  - Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) - Brera Astronomical 
      Observatory, Merate, Italy.
FAU - Utyro, Olga
AU  - Utyro O
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, 
      Milan, Italy.
FAU - Pareschi, Giovanni
AU  - Pareschi G
AD  - Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) - Brera Astronomical 
      Observatory, Merate, Italy.
FAU - Loffreda, Alessia
AU  - Loffreda A
AD  - Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Cavalleri, Adalberto
AU  - Cavalleri A
AD  - Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, IRCCS Foundation, Istituto Nazionale dei 
      Tumori, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Lualdi, Manuela
AU  - Lualdi M
AD  - Department of Imaging Diagnostic and Radioterapy, IRCCS Foundation, Istituto 
      Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Trabattoni, Daria
AU  - Trabattoni D
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, 
      Milan, Italy.
FAU - Tacchetti, Carlo
AU  - Tacchetti C
AD  - Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Mazza, Davide
AU  - Mazza D
AD  - Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Clerici, Mario
AU  - Clerici M
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, 
      Italy.
AD  - Don C. Gnocchi Foundation, IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220108
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Photochem Photobiol
JT  - Journal of photochemistry and photobiology
JID - 101770743
PMC - PMC8741330
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Action spectrum
OT  - Disinfection
OT  - FISH
OT  - Infectivity
OT  - SARS-CoV-2
OT  - UV light
OT  - Virus replication
COIS- They have participated in approval of the final version. The specific 
      contribution is reported in the manuscript. This manuscript has not been 
      submitted to, nor is under review at, another journal or other publishing venue. 
      They have no affiliation with any organization with a direct or indirect 
      financial interest in the subject matter discussed in the manuscript The authors 
      declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal 
      relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this 
      paper.
EDAT- 2022/01/18 06:00
MHDA- 2022/01/18 06:01
PMCR- 2022/01/08
CRDT- 2022/01/17 06:13
PHST- 2021/07/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/12/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/12/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/01/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/01/18 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/17 06:13 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/01/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2666-4690(21)00092-0 [pii]
AID - 100107 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100107 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Photochem Photobiol. 2022 Jun;10:100107. doi: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100107. Epub 
      2022 Jan 8.