PMID- 35054087
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220128
IS  - 2077-0383 (Print)
IS  - 2077-0383 (Electronic)
IS  - 2077-0383 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 2
DP  - 2022 Jan 13
TI  - Homocysteine Plasmatic Concentration in Brain-Injured Neurocritical Care 
      Patients: Systematic Review of Clinical Evidence.
LID - 10.3390/jcm11020394 [doi]
LID - 394
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is considered as an independent risk 
      factor for several diseases, such as cardiovascular, neurological and autoimmune 
      conditions. Atherothrombotic events, as a result of endothelial dysfunction and 
      increased inflammation, are the main mechanisms involved in vascular damage. This 
      review article reports clinical evidence on the relationship between the 
      concentration of plasmatic homocysteine (Hcy) and acute brain injury (ABI) in 
      neurocritical care patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a systematic search of 
      articles in the PubMed and EMBASE databases was conducted, of which only complete 
      studies, published in English in peer-reviewed journals, were included. RESULTS: 
      A total of 33 articles, which can be divided into the following 3 subchapters, 
      are present: homocysteine and acute ischemic stroke (AIS); homocysteine and 
      traumatic brain injury (TBI); homocysteine and intracranial hemorrhage 
      (ICH)/subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This confirms that HHcy is an independent 
      risk factor for ABI and a marker of poor prognosis in the case of stroke, ICH, 
      SAH and TBI. CONCLUSIONS: Several studies elucidate that Hcy levels influence the 
      patient's prognosis in ABI and, in some cases, the risk of recurrence. Hcy 
      appears as biochemical marker that can be used by neuro-intensivists as an 
      indicator for risk stratification. Moreover, a nutraceutical approach, including 
      folic acid, the vitamins B6 and B12, reduces the risk of thrombosis, 
      cardiovascular and neurological dysfunction in patients with severe HHcy that 
      were admitted for neurocritical care.
FAU - Lauretta, Maria Paola
AU  - Lauretta MP
AD  - Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, IRCCS Policlinico S. 
      Orsola-Malpighi of Bologna, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Melotti, Rita Maria
AU  - Melotti RM
AD  - Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, IRCCS Policlinico S. 
      Orsola-Malpighi of Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40138 
      Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Sangermano, Corinne
AU  - Sangermano C
AD  - Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Umberto I 
      Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
FAU - George, Anneliya Maria
AU  - George AM
AD  - Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Umberto I 
      Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Badenes, Rafael
AU  - Badenes R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7017-0150
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Trauma Intensive Care, Hospital Clinic 
      Universitar de Valencia, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
FAU - Bilotta, Federico
AU  - Bilotta F
AD  - Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Umberto I 
      Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220113
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - J Clin Med
JT  - Journal of clinical medicine
JID - 101606588
PMC - PMC8780007
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cerebrovascular disease
OT  - homocysteine
OT  - perioperative care
COIS- The authors declared no potential conflict of interest with respect to the 
      research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
EDAT- 2022/01/22 06:00
MHDA- 2022/01/22 06:01
PMCR- 2022/01/13
CRDT- 2022/01/21 01:07
PHST- 2021/11/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/12/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/01/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/01/21 01:07 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/01/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/01/22 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - jcm11020394 [pii]
AID - jcm-11-00394 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/jcm11020394 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Clin Med. 2022 Jan 13;11(2):394. doi: 10.3390/jcm11020394.