PMID- 35055980 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220128 IS - 2076-0817 (Print) IS - 2076-0817 (Electronic) IS - 2076-0817 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Dec 29 TI - First Detection of NADC34-like PRRSV as a Main Epidemic Strain on a Large Farm in China. LID - 10.3390/pathogens11010032 [doi] LID - 32 AB - The newly emerged sublineage 1.5 (NADC34-like) porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has posed a direct threat to the Chinese pig industry since 2018. However, the prevalence and impact of NADC34-like PRRSV on Chinese pig farms is unclear. In the present study, we continuously monitored pathogens-including PRRSV, African swine fever virus (ASFV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), pseudorabies virus (PRV), and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)-on a fattening pig farm with strict biosecurity practices located in Heilongjiang Province, China, from 2020 to 2021. The results showed that multiple types of PRRSV coexisted on a single pig farm. NADC30-like and NADC34-like PRRSVs were the predominant strains on this pig farm. Importantly, NADC34-like PRRSV-detected during the period of peak mortality-was one of the predominant strains on this pig farm. Sequence alignment suggested that these strains shared the same 100 aa deletion in the NSP2 protein as IA/2014/NADC34 isolated from the United States (U.S.) in 2014. Phylogenetic analysis based on open reading frame 5 (ORF5) showed that the genetic diversity of NADC34-like PRRSV on this farm was relatively singular, but it had a relatively high rate of evolution. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern analysis showed that almost all ORF5 RFLPs were 1-7-4, with one 1-4-4. In addition, two complete genomes of NADC34-like PRRSVs were sequenced. Recombination analysis and sequence alignment demonstrated that both viruses, with 98.9% nucleotide similarity, were non-recombinant viruses. This study reports the prevalence and characteristics of NADC34-like PRRSVs on a large-scale breeding farm in northern China for the first time. These results will help to reveal the impact of NADC34-like PRRSVs on Chinese pig farms, and provide a reference for the detection and further prevention and control of NADC34-like PRRSVs. FAU - Li, Chao AU - Li C AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Gong, Bangjun AU - Gong B AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Sun, Qi AU - Sun Q AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Xu, Hu AU - Xu H AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Zhao, Jing AU - Zhao J AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Xiang, Lirun AU - Xiang L AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Tang, Yan-Dong AU - Tang YD AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Leng, Chaoliang AU - Leng C AD - Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China. FAU - Li, Wansheng AU - Li W AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Guo, Zhenyang AU - Guo Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Fu, Jun AU - Fu J AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Peng, Jinmei AU - Peng J AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Wang, Qian AU - Wang Q AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Zhou, Guohui AU - Zhou G AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Yu, Ying AU - Yu Y AD - Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China. FAU - Meng, Fandan AU - Meng F AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - An, Tongqing AU - An T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4619-4587 AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Cai, Xuehui AU - Cai X AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Tian, Zhi-Jun AU - Tian ZJ AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. FAU - Zhang, Hongliang AU - Zhang H AD - State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. LA - eng GR - 32172890/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 32002315/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2020M680788/China Postdoctoral Fund/ GR - YQ2019C032/Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province/ GR - YQ2019C030/Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province/ GR - SKLVBF202115/the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20211229 PL - Switzerland TA - Pathogens JT - Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101596317 PMC - PMC8778757 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 100 aa deletion OT - NADC34-like PRRSV OT - RFLP OT - main epidemic strains COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/01/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/22 06:01 PMCR- 2021/12/29 CRDT- 2022/01/21 01:13 PHST- 2021/11/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/12/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/21 01:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/12/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - pathogens11010032 [pii] AID - pathogens-11-00032 [pii] AID - 10.3390/pathogens11010032 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pathogens. 2021 Dec 29;11(1):32. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11010032.